attenuate

动词 v. 形容词 adj.
中文释义
英 /əˈtɛn.juˌeɪt/    美 /əˈtɛn.juˌeɪt/|/əˈten.jʉˌæɪt/

英文释义

动词 v.
  1. To reduce in size, force, value, amount, or degree. transitive
    — A manor-house clock from the far depths of shadow struck the hour, one, in a small, attenuated tone.
  2. To make thinner, as by physically reshaping, starving, or decaying. transitive
    — Clumps of attenuated turkeys were suspended here and there.
  3. To become thin or fine; to grow less. intransitive
  4. To weaken. transitive
    — We may reject and reject till we attenuate history into sapless meagreness.
  5. To rarefy. transitive
    — "It speedily became apparent that the entire strangeness of our circumstances and surroundings—great loss of weight, attenuated but highly oxygenated air, consequent exaggeration of the results of muscular effort, rapid development of weird plants from obscure spores, lurid sky—was exciting my companion unduly."
  6. To reduce the virulence of a bacterium or virus. transitive
  7. To reduce the amplitude of an electrical, radio, or optical signal. transitive
  8. Of a beer, to become less dense as a result of the conversion of sugar to alcohol.
    — A beer which does not attenuate to the expected level in fermentation will have more residual sugar and thus be sweeter and heavier-bodied.
形容词 adj.
  1. Slender, thin.
  2. Rarefied, thin, refined.
  3. Gradually tapering into a petiole-like extension toward the base.

词形变化

attenuates present,singular,third-person attenuating participle,present attenuated participle,past attenuated past more attenuate comparative most attenuate superlative

词汇关系

近义词
dilute diminish lessen mitigate slender weaken
反义词
amplify strengthen intensify
衍生词
attenuable attenuation attenuative attenuator deattenuate disattenuate hyperattenuating hypoattenuating isoattenuate reattenuate subattenuate
相关词
extenuate tenuities tenuity tenuous

词源

词源 1
The verb is first attested in 1530, the adjective in 1626; borrowed from Latin attenuātus, the perfect passive participle of attenuō (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from ad- (“to, towards, at”) + tenuo (“to make thin”), itself from tenuis (“thin”) + -ō (verb-forming suffix).
词源 2
The verb is first attested in 1530, the adjective in 1626; borrowed from Latin attenuātus, the perfect passive participle of attenuō (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from ad- (“to, towards, at”) + tenuo (“to make thin”), itself from tenuis (“thin”) + -ō (verb-forming suffix).
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