bush

名词 n. 动词 v. 形容词 adj. 副词 adv.
中文释义
英 /ˈbʊʃ/|[ˈbʊʃ]|/ˈbɵʃ/|[ˈbɵʃ] ~ [ˈbəʃ]    美 /ˈbʊʃ/|[ˈbʊʃ]

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A woody plant distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, being usually less than six metres tall; a horticultural rather than strictly botanical category.
    — I stumbled along through the young pines and huckleberry bushes. Pretty soon I struck into a sort of path that, I cal'lated, might lead to the road I was hunting for. It twisted and turned, and, the first thing I knew, made a sudden bend around a bunch of bayberry scrub and opened out into a big clear space like a lawn.
  2. A thick washer or hollow cylinder of metal.
  3. Amateurish behavior, short for bush league behavior
  4. Tracts of land covered in natural vegetation that are largely undeveloped and uncultivated, typically distinguished from absolute wilderness by implying a degree of marginal human engagement or proximity to settlement edges. Australia,Canada,New-Zealand,South-Africa,countable
    — The Gentlemen took to the Bush and escaped being made prisoners.
  5. A tavern or wine merchant. archaic
  6. A shrub cut off, or a shrublike branch of a tree.
    — bushes to support pea vines
  7. A mechanical attachment, usually a metallic socket with a screw thread, such as the mechanism by which a camera is attached to a tripod stand.
  8. Tracts of land covered in natural vegetation that are largely undeveloped and uncultivated, typically distinguished from absolute wilderness by implying a degree of marginal human engagement or proximity to settlement edges.; The countryside area of Australia that is less arid and less remote than the outback; loosely, areas of natural flora even within conurbations. Australia,Canada,New-Zealand,South-Africa,countable
    — (Davis) my Convict Servant who was in the Boat with me begd of me not to goe on Shore he is one of the greatest Cowards living I cald to them again when I got to ther fire for the[y] had run into the bush on there Seing the Boat pulling towards them
  9. Tracts of land covered in natural vegetation that are largely undeveloped and uncultivated, typically distinguished from absolute wilderness by implying a degree of marginal human engagement or proximity to settlement edges.; An area of New Zealand covered in forest, especially native forest. Australia,Canada,New-Zealand,South-Africa,countable
  10. A thicket, a small wood, or a tract of uncleared, woody land. archaic,dialectal
    — We saw a bush of wood, and in the heart of it a little open space.
  11. A piece of copper, screwed into a gun, through which the venthole is bored.
  12. Tracts of land covered in natural vegetation that are largely undeveloped and uncultivated, typically distinguished from absolute wilderness by implying a degree of marginal human engagement or proximity to settlement edges.; The wild forested areas of Canada; upcountry. Australia,Canada,New-Zealand,South-Africa,countable
  13. A shrub or branch, properly, a branch of ivy (sacred to Bacchus), hung out at vintners' doors, or as a tavern sign; hence, a tavern sign, and symbolically, the tavern itself. historical
    — If it be true, that good wine needs no buſh, 'tis true, that a good play needes no Epilogue.
  14. A wood lot or bluff on a farm. Canada,countable,uncountable
  15. A person's pubic hair, especially a woman's. slang,vulgar
    — As he ſtood on one ſide for a minute or ſo, unbuttoning his waſte-coat, and breeches, her fat brawny thighs hung down, and the whole greaſy landſkip lay fairly open to my view: a wide open-mouth'd gap, overſhaded with a grizzly buſh, ſeemed held out like a beggar's wallet for its'^([sic]) proviſion.
    Fanny Hill
  16. The tail, or brush, of a fox.
动词 v.
  1. To branch thickly in the manner of a bush. intransitive
    — Around it, and above, for ever green, / The bushing alders form'd a shady scene.
  2. To furnish with a bush or lining; to line. transitive
    — to bush a pivot hole
  3. To set bushes for; to support with bushes.
    — to bush peas
  4. To use a bush harrow on (land), for covering seeds sown; to harrow with a bush.
    — to bush a piece of land; to bush seeds into the ground
  5. To become bushy (often used with up).
    — I can tell when my cat is upset because he’ll bush up his tail.
形容词 adj.
  1. Not skilled; not professional; not major league. colloquial
    — They’re supposed to be a major league team, but so far they've been bush.
副词 adv.
  1. Towards the direction of the outback. Australia,not-comparable
    — On hatching, the chicks scramble to the surface and head bush on their own.

词形变化

bushes plural bushes present,singular,third-person bushing participle,present bushed participle,past bushed past bushes plural bushes plural more bush comparative most bush superlative bushes plural bushes present,singular,third-person bushing participle,present bushed participle,past bushed past

词汇关系

衍生词
Alaskan bush Australian bush hat bush ague bush aircraft bush airline bush antelope bushbaby bush baptist bushbash bush bread bush buggy bush camp bush clearing bush coat bush company bush country bush cowboy bushcraft bush-crew bushed bush fever bush fire bushfire bush flier bush flyer bush flying bushfood bush-French bush gang bush horse bushie bush Indian bush kanaka bush-Kanaka bushland bush lawyer bush-league bush lore bush lot bush mail bushmark bush meat bushmeat bush partridge bush party bush people bushperson bush pig bush pilot bush plane bush-pop bush-popper bush rabbit bush ranch bush ranching bush-range bushranger bush-ranger bushranging bush rat bush regen bush regeneration bush road bush-rover bush-runner bush searcher bush stone-curlew bush tavern bush tea bush telegraph bush-telegraph bush trail bush tucker bushwalk bushwalker bushwalking bush warbler bush week bushwhack bushwhacker bushwhacking bush-whisky bushwoman bushwork bushworker bushman go bush send bush sugar bush take to the bush
相关词
ambush bouquet bushman backblock outback reducing bush

词源

词源 1
From Middle English bush, from Old English *busċ, *bysċ (“copse, grove, scrub”, in placenames), from Proto-West Germanic *busk, from Proto-Germanic *buskaz (“bush, thicket”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to grow”). Doublet of bosque.
Cognates
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Busk (“bush”), West Frisian bosk (“forest”), Dutch bos (“forest, wood”), German Busch (“bush, shrub; small forest, grove”), Luxembourgish Bësch (“forest, wood”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, and Norwegian Nynorsk busk (“bush, shrub”), Icelandic buski (“bush, shrub”), Swedish buske (“bush, shrub”), Persian بیشه (bêša/biše, “woods”). Latin and Romance forms (Latin boscus, Occitan bòsc, French bois, bûche and buisson, Italian bosco and boscaglia, Spanish bosque, Portuguese bosque) derive from the Germanic.
Compare typologically Russian за́росли (zárosli) (akin to расти́ (rastí)). Also compare Russian быльё (bylʹjó) (distantly cognate via *bʰuH-).
词源 2
From the sign of a bush usually employed to indicate such places.
词源 3
A semantic expansion of bush (see Etymology 1, archaic and dialectal sense of “thicket” or “small wood”), which survived in English dialects and London‐area toponyms (such as Shepherd’s Bush). In its native English form, the term inherently denoted a scrubby, localized feature. In British colonies, this specific sense was applied to the broader landscape, evolving into a mass noun for the wilderness. This development was likely reinforced by, or originated as a semantic loan from, the cognate older Dutch bosch (modern bos (“wood, forest”)), which had undergone a similar semantic shift in the Dutch settlements of North America (such as New Netherland) and later the Cape Colony. From the North American Dutch loan, English acquired the concept of “the bush” as a vast, untamed wilderness. Evidence of this early linguistic integration appears in late 17th‐century English records via compound calques from both major Dutch contact zones: the 1695 North American use of “bushloopers” (anglicized from Dutch boschlooper (“woods‐runner”)) and the 1699 Cape Colony reference to “Wild‐bush‐Men” (translating Cape Dutch Bosjesman). However, as an independent topographical noun describing the South African landscape, the English term is not securely attested until circa 1780.
In Australian English, the term was used as early as 1790 by First Lieutenant Ralph Clark. As a native of Edinburgh, Clark would have been familiar with the Scots cognates buss and bush (retaining the archaic sense of a wood or clump of trees); this native linguistic framework likely made him highly receptive to the broader Dutch usage he encountered during his prior military service in the Netherlands and North America. Australia served as the crucible where these semantic threads merged. The widely spaced, scrubby eucalypt woodlands perfectly matched the native British English visual of a low‐canopied thicket, while their vastness fulfilled the Dutch concept of an untamed expanse. This convergence caused the term to rapidly supplant the traditional English woods and forest, as the open Australian landscape differed markedly from the dense, deciduous canopies of Europe. Via early 19th‐century trans‐Tasman trade and settlement routes out of New South Wales, the term was subsequently exported to New Zealand, where it was applied to the region’s dense, temperate rainforests.
The adverbial usage of the term (dropping the preposition and article, as in go bush or head bush) likely originated in early 19th‐century New South Wales Pidgin. As documented by contact linguists, this syntax reflects typical pidginization (preposition deletion) alongside the substrate influence of Indigenous Australian languages, which frequently utilize absolute locatives or directional adverbs rather than prepositions for spatial movement. From this contact language, the grammatical shorthand permeated the broader colonial vernacular.
词源 4
Back-formation from bush league.
词源 5
From Middle Dutch busse (“box; wheel bushing”), from Proto-West Germanic *buhsā. More at box.
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