choke

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义
英 /t͡ʃəʊk/    美 /t͡ʃoʊk/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. The mass of immature florets in the centre of the bud of an artichoke.
    — Once all the leaves are gone, a hairy little island will remain in the middle of the artichoke. This is the “choke.” A gentleman uses his knife and fork to slice it away, uncovering the delicious artichoke “heart” underneath.
  2. A control on a carburetor to adjust the air/fuel mixture when the engine is cold.
  3. In wrestling, karate (etc.), a type of hold that can result in strangulation.
  4. A constriction at the muzzle end of a shotgun barrel which affects the spread of the shot.
  5. A partial or complete blockage (of boulders, mud, etc.) in a cave passage.
  6. A choking coil.
  7. A major mistake at a crucial stage of a competition because one is nervous, especially when one is winning.
动词 v.
  1. To be unable to breathe because of obstruction of the windpipe (for instance food or other objects that go down the wrong way, or fumes or particles in the air that cause the throat to constrict). intransitive
    — Ever since he choked on a bone, he has refused to eat fish.
  2. To prevent (someone) from breathing or talking by strangling or filling the windpipe. transitive
    — The collar of this shirt is too tight; it’s choking me.
  3. To obstruct (a passage, etc.) by filling it up or clogging it. transitive
    — to choke a cave passage with boulders and mud
  4. To hinder or check, as growth, expansion, progress, etc.; to kill (a plant by robbing it of nutrients); to extinguish (fire by robbing it of oxygen). transitive
    — Now ’tis the spring, and weeds are shallow-rooted; Suffer them now, and they’ll o’ergrow the garden And choke the herbs for want of husbandry.
  5. To perform badly at a crucial stage of a competition, especially when one appears to be clearly winning. colloquial,intransitive
    — He has a lot of talent, but he tends to choke under pressure.
  6. To move one's fingers very close to the tip of a pencil, brush or other art tool. transitive
    — A brief tryout will demonstrate that the modified grip does indeed make it difficult to “choke” the pencil or apply excessive pressure to the paper.
  7. To hold the club or bat lower on the shaft in order to shorten one's swing. transitive
    — Take a grip with your right hand, slightly choked down from your normal grip.
  8. To be checked or stopped, as if by choking intransitive
    — […] the words choked in his throat.
  9. To check or stop (an utterance or voice) as if by choking. transitive
    — A hundred times fain he would have spoke, but still his rising Passion choak’d his Words;
  10. To have a feeling of strangulation in one's throat as a result of passion or strong emotion. intransitive
    — Grobstock began to choke with chagrin.
  11. To give (someone) a feeling of strangulation as a result of passion or strong emotion. transitive
    — […] I am very sensible how much the Gentlemen of Wit and Pleasure are apt to murmur, and be choqued at the Sight of so many daggled-tail Parsons, who happen to fall in their Way, and offend their Eyes […]
  12. To say (something) with one’s throat constricted (due to emotion, for example). transitive
    — ‘There is the padre!’ Kim choked as bare-headed Father Victor sailed down upon them from the veranda.
  13. To use the choke valve of (a vehicle) to adjust the air/fuel mixture in the engine. transitive
    — The engine caught, spluttered, and roared as Tom choked the car delicately.
  14. To reach a condition of maximum flowrate, due to the flow at the narrowest point of the duct becoming sonic (Ma = 1). intransitive
  15. To make or install a choke, as in a cartridge, or in the bore of the barrel of a shotgun.

词形变化

chokes present,singular,third-person choking participle,present choked participle,past choked past choak alternative choake alternative chock alternative chokes plural choak alternative choake alternative chock alternative chokes plural

词汇关系

衍生词
air choke blood choke breadcutter choke chokable choke a darkie choke and puke choke back chokeberry chokebore choke chain choker chain chokecherry choke-children choke collar choke damp chokedamp choke-dog choke down choke-full choke-hold choke hold chokehold choke-me choke off choke on choke out choke pear chokepoint choke point choke price choke-priest choker chokeslam chokestrap choke the chicken choke the luff choke tube choke up chokey choky chokily choking bloom choking coil chokecoil chokingly dechoke enough to choke a horse enough to choke a snake full choke guillotine choke multichoke nonchoked one throat to choke rear naked choke rope and choke too much pudding will choke a dog unchoke

词源

词源 1
From Middle English choken (also cheken), from earlier acheken, from Old English āċēocian (“to choke”), probably derived from Old English ċēoce, ċēace (“jaw, cheek”), see cheek. Cognate with Icelandic kok (“throat”), koka (“to gulp”). See also achoke.
词源 2
Back-formation from artichoke.
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