dock

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义
英 /dɒk/|/dɔk/    美 /dɔk/|/dɑk/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. Any of the genus Rumex of coarse weedy plants with small green flowers related to buckwheat, especially bitter dock (Rumex obtusifolius), and used as potherbs and in folk medicine, especially in curing nettle rash. countable,uncountable
    — And vnder neath him his courageous ſteed, / The fierce Spumador trode them downe like docks […]
  2. The fleshy root of an animal's tail; specifically after clipping or cutting.
    — The Dock is about 1 inch thick, and two inches broad, like an Apothecaries Spatule. Of what length the whole, is uncertain, this being only part of it, though it looks as if cut off near the Buttock
  3. Part of a courtroom where the accused sits.
  4. A fixed structure attached to shore to which a vessel is secured when in port; usually for loading and unloading. US
    — With just the turn of a shoulder she indicated the water front, where, at the end of the dock on which they stood, lay the good ship, Mount Vernon, river packet, the black smoke already pouring from her stacks.
  5. A burdock plant, or the leaves of that plant. countable,uncountable
  6. The body of water next to and around a pier. UK
  7. The buttocks or anus. obsolete
    — And on a Cuſhion ſtuffed with Flocks, / She clapt her dainty pair of Docks.
  8. The area of arrival and departure of a train in a railway station.
  9. A leather case used to cover the clipped or cut tail of a horse.
  10. A section of a hotel or restaurant.
    — coffee dock
  11. A device designed as a base for holding a connected portable appliance for providing the necessary electrical charge for its autonomy, or as a hardware extension for additional capabilities.
  12. A toolbar that provides the user with a way of launching applications by their icons, and switching between running applications.
  13. An act or instance of docking; joining two things together.
  14. Ellipsis of scene-dock. abbreviation,alt-of,ellipsis
动词 v.
  1. To clip or cut off a section of an animal's tail; to practise a caudectomy. transitive
    — The Celebrity, by arts unknown, induced Mrs. Judge Short and two other ladies to call at Mohair on a certain afternoon when Mr. Cooke was trying a trotter on the track.[…]Their example was followed by others at a time when the master of Mohair was superintending in person the docking of some two-year-olds, and equally invisible.
  2. To land at a harbour. intransitive
    — On 28 February, for example, a US Navy ship docked in Nampo, the port for Pyongyang, with equipment for joint searches for remains of US soldiers missing from the 1950-1953 Korean War. China may look askance at the US and North Korean militaries working together like this.
  3. To reduce (wages); to deduct from (someone). transitive
    — Her wages were docked by ten dollars.
  4. To join two moving items.
    — to dock spacecraft
  5. To move a spaceship into its dock/berth under its own power.
  6. To reduce the wages of (a person). informal,transitive
    — They docked me ten dollars for breaking the vase.
  7. To cut off, bar, or destroy. transitive
    — to dock an entail
  8. In male homosexual sex, to engage in docking, the inserting of the tip of one participant's penis into the foreskin of the other participant. intransitive,slang,vulgar
  9. To pierce holes, as pricking dough with a fork, to prevent excessive rising in the oven. transitive
    — Pricking holes in the rolled-out pie dough allows the steam to escape while it's baking. Without this, the steam would puff up in bubbles and pockets throughout the crust, which would make some parts of the crust cook too quickly and also result in an uneven surface for your filling. Docking is simple. Just roll out your pie dough and lift it into the pan. After pressing it in and shaping the edge, prick it all over with a fork.
  10. To drag a user interface element (such as a toolbar) to a position on screen where it snaps into place. transitive
  11. To place (an electronic device) in its dock. transitive
    — I docked the laptop and allowed it to recharge for an hour.

词形变化

docks plural docks plural docks present,singular,third-person docking participle,present docked participle,past docked past docks plural docks present,singular,third-person docking participle,present docked participle,past docked past docks plural

词汇关系

反义词
undock
衍生词
bloody dock butterdock candock curled dock dock leaf docklike dock pudding dooryard dock elf-dock northern dock patience dock prairie dock red-veined dock spatterdock waterdock wood dock yellow dock airdock balance dock Barry Dock cattle dock dock connector dock door docker dockhand dockie dockization dockize dockland docklands dockless dockman dockmaster dockmistress dockominium dockside dock walloper dock walloping dock warrant dock worker dockworker dockworking docky dockyard don't fish off the company dock dry-dock dry dock drydock floating dock graving dock loading dock Pembroke Dock slip dock spacedock stardock Tyne Dock wet dock dockable dockage docking redock undock

词源

词源 1
From Middle English dokke, from Old English docce, from Proto-West Germanic *dokkā, from Proto-Germanic *dukkǭ (compare Old Danish dokke (“water-dock”), West Flemish dokke, dokkebladeren (“coltsfoot, butterbur”)), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰew- (“dark”) (compare Latvian duga (“scum, slime on water”)).
词源 2
A horse with a fully docked (etymology 2, verb sense 1) tail
A dog with a partially docked (etymology 2, verb sense 1) tail
From Middle English dok (“trimmed hair, dock”), from Old English *docce, *docca (as in fingerdocce (“finger muscles”)), from Proto-West Germanic *dokkā, from Proto-Germanic *dukkǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeu-k- (“to spin, shake”).
Compare Icelandic dokkur (“stumpy tail”), Low German Dokke (“bundle of straw”), West Frisian dok (“bunch, ball (twine)”), Albanian dak (“big ram”), Lithuanian dvė̃kti (“to breathe, wheeze”), dvãkas (“breath”), Sanskrit धुक्षति (dhukṣati, “to blow”).
The verb is from Middle English dokken (“to cut short, dock, curtail”), derived from the noun.
词源 3
A dock (etymology 3, noun sense 1, etymology 3, noun sense 2) for cruise ships
A laptop docking (etymology 3, noun sense 5) station
A GUI dock (etymology 3, noun sense 6) on Linux
From Early Modern English meaning "area of mud in which a ship can rest at low tide, dock", borrowed from either Dutch dok (“dock, wharf”) or Middle Low German docke (“dock, wharf”), both from Middle Dutch docke (“port, harbour”), of uncertain origin. The original sense may have been "the furrow a grounded vessel makes in a mud bank". Compare Danish dok, Dutch dok, West Frisian dok, German Dock, Low German Dock, Swedish docka.
Some sources link this word to an unattested Middle Dutch *docke (“watercourse, trench, canal”), which is a ghost word, only being inferred from Mediaeval Latin documents in the form of ducta, doctus, doccia (“conduit, canal”). However, if this theory is correct, then it would relate the word to Italian doccia (“drainpipe”), making dock a doublet of douche and duct.
An alternative theory ties Middle Dutch docke to a North Germanic or Scandinavian source, notably Old Norse dǫkk, dökð (“depression in the landscape, pit, pool, trench”); compare Icelandic dökk, Norwegian dokk (“hollow, low ground”), Swedish dank (“marshy ground”). If so, this would make dock a doublet of dank.
词源 4
Originally criminal slang; from or akin to obsolete Dutch (West Flemish) dok (“cage, hutch”) or docke (“cage”), possibly from Middle Dutch docke (“block, wooden object”), related to Middle Low German docke (“tenon, banister rod, bench cheek, side panel of a pew”), of uncertain origin.
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