ex-

前缀

英文释义

前缀
  1. out of morpheme
    — borrowed from Latin: extract, expel, except, expression, exclusion
  2. outside morpheme
    — ex-directory; borrowed from Latin: exterior
  3. former morpheme
    — ex-husband, ex-president, ex-wife
  4. Without, not possessing; lacking. morpheme
    — excaudate, exstipulate

词形变化

e- alternative

词源

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ
Proto-Indo-European *-s
Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs
Proto-Italic *eks
Latin ex
Latin ex-der.
Middle French ex-bor.
Middle English ex-
English ex-
From Middle English, from words borrowed from Middle French; from Latin ex (“out of, from”), from Proto-Indo-European *eǵ-, *eǵs- (“out”), *eǵʰs. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐξ (ex, “out of, from”), Transalpine Gaulish ex- (“out”), Old Irish ess- (“out”), Old Church Slavonic изъ (izŭ, “out”), Russian из (iz, “from, out of”).
For sense 3 (“former”), compare sense 11 at Latin ex (indicates a change of state, (later) used before terms denoting an office to indicate that one has completed his term of office). It is probably a semantic extension from the sense of "out, away".
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