geld

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. Money.; A payment. Northern-England,archaic,countable,dialectal,historical
  2. A female animal, such as a ewe or cow, that is not pregnant.
  3. Money.; In particular, (money paid as) a medieval form of land tax. archaic,countable,dialectal,historical,uncountable
动词 v.
  1. To tax geld. historical
  2. To castrate a male (usually an animal). transitive
    — "Poor old Topaz," said Mrs Flanders, as he stretched himself out in the sun, and she smiled, thinking how she had had him gelded, and how she did not like red hair in men.
  3. To suppress or severely reduce sexual desire or libido. figuratively,transitive
    — Camphor if smell'd A man will geld.
  4. To deprive of anything essential; to weaken. figuratively,transitive

词形变化

gelds plural gelds present,singular,third-person gelding participle,present gelded participle,past gelded past gelds present,singular,third-person gelding participle,present gelded participle,past gelded past gelt participle,past gelt past gelds plural

词汇关系

衍生词
heregeld woodgeld gelder

词源

词源 1
From Middle English geld and reinforced by Medieval Latin geldum, both from Old English geld, ġield (“payment, tribute”), from Proto-West Germanic *geld, from Proto-Germanic *geldą (“reward, gift, money”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeldʰ- (“to pay”). Probably reinforced by gelt (which see), see Norwegian Bokmål gjeld (“debt”), Danish gæld (“debt”). Geld is also written gelt or gild, and as such found in wergild, Danegeld, etc. Doublet of yield.
Cognates
Cognate with North Frisian jild (“money”), Saterland Frisian Jield, Jäild (“money”), Dutch geld (“money”), German Geld (“money”), Old Norse gjald (“payment”), Gothic 𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌳 (gild, “tribute”). Also related to English yield.
词源 2
From Middle English gelden, from Old Norse gelda (“to geld, castrate”), from Proto-Germanic *galdijaną (“to castrate”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to cut”).
Cognate with Old Norse geldr (“yielding no milk, dry”), German galt, gelt (“not giving milk, barren”), Gothic 𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌸𐌰 (gilþa, “sickle”). Compare the archaic German Gelze (“castrated swine”) and gelzen (“to castrate”), Danish galt (“castrated boar”) (from Old Norse gǫltr (“boar, hog”), cognate with English gilt and gilde (“to geld”). "gelding" derives from Old Norse geldingr.
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