hade

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义
英 /heɪd/    美 /heɪd/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. State; order, estate, rank, degree, or quality. Scotland,dialectal
    — And I tolde the of the good hade of my God which was vpo me:
  2. A slope; (in mining) the slope of a vein, fault or dike from the vertical; the complement of the dip.
    — The thick and well-growne fogge doth matt my smoother shades, And on the lower Leas, as on the higher Hades The daintie Clover growes (of grass the onely silke)
  3. A headland; a strip of land at the side of a field upon which a plough may be turned. UK,dialectal,obsolete
    — … certeine arable landes some of them havinge hades of meadow and grasse grounde lieinge in the Southe fielde of Einsham.
动词 v.
  1. To slope or incline from the vertical.
    — It was found, however, that where the coal haded away from the floor towards the face, as in Fig. 2(6), [...]

词形变化

hades plural had alternative,Scotland haid alternative,Scotland hod alternative hode alternative hades present,singular,third-person hading participle,present haded participle,past haded past hades plural hades plural

词源

词源 1
From Middle English hade, had, hod, hed, from Old English hād (“person, individual, character, individuality, degree, rank, order, office, holy office, condition, state, nature, character, form, manner, sex, race, family, tribe, choir”), from Proto-West Germanic *haidu, from Proto-Germanic *haiduz (“appearance, kind”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kāy- (“light, bright, shining”).
Cognate with Old Saxon hēd (“condition, rank”), Old High German heit (“person, personality, sex, condition, quality, rank”), Old Norse heiðr ("honour, dignity") (whence Danish hæder (“honour”), Swedish heder (“honour”)), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌿𐍃 (haidus, “way, manner”). Same as -hood.
词源 2
Uncertain. Perhaps from a dialectal form of head.
词源 3
Probably from a dialectal or variant form of head. According to Sundby, from Middle English hade, havede, from Old English hēafdum, dative plural of hēafod (“head”) as evidenced in the Worcestershire bynames/surnames atte Haveden, atte Haden, although derivation from other inflected forms (where trisyllabic shortening then open-syllable lengthening would've occured; compare lady) is also possible, in which case the bynames would still attest the dative plural.
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