obdurate

动词 v. 形容词 adj.
中文释义
英 /ˈɒbdʒʊɹɪt/|/ˈɒbdjʊɹɪt/|/ˈɒbdʒəɹɪt/|/-ət/    美 /ˈɑbd(j)ʊɹɪt/|/ˈɑbd(j)əɹɪt/|/-ət/

英文释义

动词 v.
  1. To harden; to obdure. obsolete,transitive
形容词 adj.
  1. Stubbornly persistent, generally in wrongdoing; refusing to reform or repent.
    — […] sometimes the very custom of evil making the heart obdurate against whatsoever instructions to the contrary […]
  2. Physically hardened, toughened. obsolete
    — The past is obdurate for the same reason a turtle's shell is obdurate: because the living flesh inside is tender and defenseless.
  3. Hardened against feeling; hard-hearted.
    — I fear the gentleman to whom Miss Amelia's letters were addressed was rather an obdurate critic.

词形变化

more obdurate comparative most obdurate superlative obdurates present,singular,third-person obdurating participle,present obdurated participle,past obdurated past

词汇关系

衍生词
obduracy obdurately obdurateness unobdurate
相关词
durable duration during endurance endure enduring

词源

词源 1
First attested in the 1450s, in Middle English; inherited from Middle English obdurat(e), borrowed from Latin obdūrātus (“hardened”), perfect passive participle of obdūrō (“to harden”) (see -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from ob- (“against”) + dūrō (“to harden, render hard”), from dūrus (“hard”). Compare durable, endure.
词源 2
Borrowed from Latin obdūrātus, see Etymology 1 and -ate (verb-forming suffix) for more
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