primer

名词 n. 形容词 adj.
中文释义
英 /ˈpɹaɪ.mə/    美 /ˈpɹɪm.əɹ/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A prayer or devotional book intended for laity, initially an abridgment of the breviary and manual including the hours of the Virgin Mary, 15 gradual and 7 penitential psalms, the litany, the placebo and dirige forming the office of the dead, and the commendations. historical
  2. Any substance or device, such as priming wire or blasting cap, used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive. countable,uncountable
    — The percussion primer, known as the “ 110-grain percussion primer,” contains an igniting charge of 95 grains of black powder in addition to the essential elements of a percussion primer.
  3. Any of various similar works issued in England for private prayer in accordance with the Book of Common Prayer. historical
  4. A person who primes explosives. countable,obsolete,uncountable
  5. A children's book intended to teach literacy: how to read, write, and spell.
    — Four-year-old Elizabeth Finkle-McGraw would receive the Young Lady's Illustrated Primer from her grandfather. Fiona Hackworth would be getting a copy of the Illustrated Primer too, for this had been John Percival Hackworth's crime: He had programmed the matter compiler to place the cockleburs on the outside of Elizabeth's book.
  6. A substance used to prime wood, metal, etc. in preparation for painting. countable,uncountable
  7. An introductory text on any subject, particularly basic concepts.
    — [...] The two assets of the book are clear explanation, and a multitude of extremely helpful diagrams, some in two colours, and cutaway photographs; these clearly unravel a difficult subject for the layman, as well as the student engineman for whom the primer is chiefly designed.
  8. A layer of such a substance. countable,uncountable
  9. A layer of makeup that goes beneath the foundation; undermakeup. countable,uncountable
    — The undermakeup (primer) should be allowed to dry-set for 30 seconds. Apply foundation over the primer with a sponge using light, careful strokes to blend. Undermakeups come in cream form, sponge-on wands, or sponge-on cream, and as a lotion.
  10. An elementary school class; an elementary school student. New-Zealand,obsolete
  11. A person who primes wood, metal, etc. countable,obsolete,uncountable
  12. A molecule which initiates the synthesis of an enzyme, (especially) a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule which initiates DNA replication. countable,uncountable
  13. A pheromone which interacts first with the endocrine system. countable,uncountable
  14. A device used to prime an internal combustion engine with gasoline, (especially) in airplanes. countable,uncountable
  15. A person who prunes trees. countable,uncountable
形容词 adj.
  1. First in time, initial, early. not-comparable,obsolete
    — the primer English kings
  2. First in importance, premier. not-comparable,obsolete
  3. First in position, foremost. not-comparable,obsolete,rare

词形变化

primers plural primers plural

词汇关系

衍生词
double great primer great primer long primer primer book primer cord primer school primer-state two-line great primer competimer hexaprimer homoprimer megaprimer oligoprimer primerless transprimer primer fine primer seizin
相关词
primary prime

词源

词源 1
From Middle English primer, primere, from Medieval Latin primarius and primarium (“prayer book”) possibly via Anglo-Norman primer (“prayer book”), from prima (“prime the liturgical hour and office”) + -arius and -arium (suffix forming related objects). Its use for schoolbooks derived from the late medieval and early modern use of such prayer books to teach reading.
词源 2
Etymology tree
English prime
Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.
Proto-Italic *-āzijos
Latin -āriusnom.
Latin -āriusbor.
Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz
Proto-West Germanic *-ārī
Old English -ere
Middle English -ere
English -er
English primer
From prime + -er.
词源 3
From Anglo-Norman primer (“first”), from Latin prīmārius (“first”).
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