scale

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义
英 /skeɪl/|[skeɪ̯(ə)ɫ]    美 /skeɪl/|[skeɪ̯(ə)ɫ]|/skæɪl/|[skæɪ̯(ə)ɫ]

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A ladder; a series of steps; a means of ascending. obsolete
  2. A device to measure mass or weight.
    — After the long, lazy winter I was afraid to get on the scale.
  3. Part of an overlapping arrangement of many small, flat and hard pieces of keratin covering the skin of an animal, particularly a fish or reptile. countable,uncountable
    — Fish that, with their fins and shining scales, / Glide under the green wave.
  4. An ordered, usually numerical sequence used for measurement; means of assigning a magnitude.
    — Please rate your experience on a scale from 1 to 10.
  5. Either of the pans, trays, or dishes of a balance or scales.
  6. A small piece of pigmented chitin, many of which coat the wings of a butterfly or moth to give them their color. countable,uncountable
  7. Size; scope.
    — There are some who question the scale of our ambitions.
  8. A flake of skin of an animal afflicted with dermatitis. countable,uncountable
  9. The ratio of depicted distance to actual distance.
    — This map uses a scale of 1:10.
  10. Part of an overlapping arrangement of many small, flat and hard protective layers forming a pinecone that flare when mature to release pine nut seeds. countable,uncountable
  11. The flaky material sloughed off heated metal. uncountable
  12. A line or bar associated with a drawing, used to indicate measurement when the image has been magnified or reduced.
    — Even though precision can be carried to an extreme, the scales which now are drawn in (and usually connected to an appropriate figure by an arrow) will allow derivation of meaningful measurements.
  13. Scale mail (as opposed to chain mail). countable,uncountable
  14. A series of notes spanning an octave, tritave, or pseudo-octave, used to make melodies.
  15. A mathematical base for a numeral system; radix.
    — the decimal scale, the binary scale
  16. Limescale. uncountable
  17. Gradation; succession of ascending and descending steps and degrees; progressive series; scheme of comparative rank or order.
    — There is a certain scale of duties […] which for want of studying in right order, all the world is in confusion.
  18. A scale insect. countable,uncountable
  19. A standard amount of money to be paid for a service, for example union-negotiated amounts received by a performer or writer; similar to wage scale or pay grade.
    — Sally wasn't the star of the show, so she was glad to be paid scale.
  20. The thin metallic side plate of the handle of a pocketknife. countable,uncountable
  21. An infestation of scale insects on a plant; commonly thought of as, or mistaken for, a disease. US,uncountable
动词 v.
  1. To change the size of something whilst maintaining proportion; especially to change a process in order to produce much larger amounts of the final product. transitive
    — We should scale that up by a factor of 10.
  2. To remove the scales of. transitive
    — Please scale that fish for dinner.
  3. To climb to the top of. transitive
    — Hilary and Norgay were the first known to have scaled Everest.
  4. To become scaly; to produce or develop scales. intransitive
    — The dry weather is making my skin scale.
  5. To strip or clear of scale; to descale. transitive
    — to scale the inside of a boiler
  6. To tolerate significant increases in throughput or other potentially limiting factors. intransitive
    — That architecture won't scale to real-world environments.
  7. To take off in thin layers or scales, as tartar from the teeth; to pare off, as a surface. transitive
    — 1684-1690, Thomas Burnet, Sacred Theory of the Earth if all the mountains and hills were scaled, and the earth made even
  8. To weigh, measure or grade according to a scale or system. transitive
    — Scaling his present bearing with his past.
  9. To take measurements from (an engineering drawing), treating them as (or as if) reliable dimensional instructions. transitive
    — Every single drawing in the specification has a warning in its title block which reads, "Do not scale this drawing."
  10. To separate and come off in thin layers or laminae. intransitive
    — Some sandstone scales by exposure.
  11. To scatter; to spread. Scotland,UK,dialectal
  12. To clean, as the inside of a cannon, by the explosion of a small quantity of powder. transitive
    — cannons […]caused to be scaled and loaded

词形变化

scales plural scales present,singular,third-person scaling participle,present scaled participle,past scaled past scales plural scales present,singular,third-person scaling participle,present scaled participle,past scaled past scales plural

词汇关系

下位词
Mercalli scale Palermo scale Richter scale wage scale Arabic scale blue scale blues scale brown soft scale bugle scale Byzantine Music scale chromatic scale diatonic scale diminished scale dodecuple scale Enhanced Fujita scale gapped scale hair scale Istrian scale major scale minor scale modal scale moment magnitude scale musical scale octatonic scale pentatonic scale Persian scale Phrygian dominant scale whole-tone scale Celsius scale Delisle scale Fahrenheit scale Kelvin scale length scale Newton scale Planck scale Rankine scale Rankin scale Réaumur scale Rømer scale timescale Kinsey scale absolute scale Antoniadi scale Bark scale Baumé scale Beaufort scale Beck Hopelessness Scale Beck's scale Bortle scale Bristol stool scale Byzantine scale check scale communicable scale cosmological scale diagonal scale dynamic scale engineer's scale ensign scale felt scale Fitzpatrick scale F-scale Fujita-Pearson scale Fujita scale Garn scale Hamilton-Norwood scale Holmes-Rahe scale HO scale Indian wax scale Kardashev scale Likert scale Ludwig scale medium scale integration megascale Mohs' scale Mohs scale Norwood scale not-to-scale N scale ordinal scale Pauling scale pay scale pernicious scale Pomeroy scale Prader scale Quigley scale ratio scale Ravel scale reducing scale Rockwell scale Saffir-Simpson scale scale-down scale-up Scoville scale Shepard scale short scale sliding scale Tanner scale tone scale Torino scale to-scale Wentworth scale wind scale scale back scale down scale out scale up
衍生词
altered scale at scale broadscale counterscale diseconomies of scale economies of scale eigenscale exascale femtoscale fieldscale full-scale gigascale global-scale gray-scale grayscale greyscale Gunter's scale gyroscale hyperscale industrial scale Internet-scale large-scale logscale long scale macroscale medium-scale mesoscale microscale midscale milliscale miniscale multiscale nanoscale off the scale overscale payscale petascale picoscale playscale Raglan's scale returns to scale room-scale salary scale scalation scale bar scalebound scale cube scale degree scalefree scale height scale invariance scalelength scale model scale modeler scale ruler scaleup scalewise scalic scalogram small-scale subscale superscale terascale thumb on the scale time scale timescale to scale typescale ultra large scale integration upscale very large scale integration waferscale wafer-scale integration webscale widescale wide-scale scaleback scaleless scalelet scalelike scalie scaleproof scaler autoscale blitzscale downscale prescale scale in rescale scalability scalable unscale antiscalant antiscale bigscale citricola scale cotton scale enscale hairscale hammerscale interscale iron scale lac scale largescale lateral scale leaf-scale mill scale overscaling paraffin scale pearlscale San Jose scale scale armor scale bark scaleboard scaledrake scalefish scale leaf scaleseed scales fall from someone's eyes scaletail scale tree scaleweed scalework scalicide scalimetry soft scale scale off platform scale sample scale scalebeam scaleful scaleman scalepan suspension scale tip the scale torsion scale turn the scale
相关词
degree ordinal variable scaling ladder

词源

词源 1
From Middle English scale, from Latin scāla, usually in plural scālae (“a flight of steps, stairs, staircase, ladder”), for *skand-slā, from scandō (“to climb”); see scan, ascend, descend, etc. Doublet of scala.
词源 2
From Middle English scale, from Old French escale, from Frankish and/or Old High German skala, from Proto-Germanic *skalō. Cognate with Old English sċealu (“shell, husk”), whence the modern doublet shale. Further cognate with Dutch schaal, German Schale, French écale.
词源 3
Inherited from Northern Middle English scale (non-Northern scole), from Old Norse skál (“bowl”) from Proto-Germanic *skēlō. Compare Danish skål (“bowl, cup”), Dutch schaal, German Schale, Old High German scāla, Old English scealu (“cup”).
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