sconce

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义
英 /skɒns/    美 /skɑns/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A fixture for a light, which holds it and provides a screen against wind or against a naked flame or lightbulb.
    — […]tapers put into lanterns or sconces of several-coloured, oiled paper, that the wind might not annoy them.
  2. A head or a skull.
    — Novv as I am a Chriſtian anſvver me, / In vvhat ſafe place you haue beſtovv'd my monie; / Or I ſhall breake that merrie ſconce of yours / That ſtands on tricks, vvhen I am vndiſpos'd: / VVhere is the thouſand Markes thou hadſt of me?
  3. A type of small fort or other fortification, especially as built to defend a pass or ford.
    — No sconce or fortress of his raising was ever known either to have been forced, or yielded up, or quitted.
  4. A fixture for a light, which holds it and provides a screen against wind or against a naked flame or lightbulb.; A candlestick (holder for a candle, especially a circular tube, with a brim, into which a candle is inserted), either with a handle for carrying, or with a bracket for attaching to a wall.
    — Taking the candle […] she stood with the little flat brass sconce in her hand.
  5. A poll tax; a mulct or fine.
    — I'll gladly pay a sconce
  6. A hut for protection and shelter; a stall. obsolete
    — one that […] must raise a sconce by the highway and sell switches
  7. An act of sconcing; very similar to a fine at Cambridge University, though a sconce is the act of issuing a penalty rather than the penalty itself.
    — .
  8. A squinch.
  9. A fragment of a floe of ice.
    — Just then, a broad sconce-piece or low water-washed berg came driving up from the southward. The thought flashed upon me of one of our escapes in Melville Bay; and as the sconce moved rapidly close alongside us, McGary managed to plant an anchor on its slope and hold on to it by a whale-line.
  10. A fixed seat or shelf.
动词 v.
  1. To impose a fine, a forfeit, or a mulct. obsolete
    — The Rector sconced him in the buttery-book, but Webberly “wiped it off, with irreverent and unbeseeming language.” For this, he had to apologise, and go without his commons for three months.
  2. To shut within a sconce; to imprison. obsolete
  3. During a meal or as part of a drinking game, to announce some (usually outrageous) deed such that anyone who has done it must drink; similar to I have never; commonly associated with crewdates; very similar to fining at Cambridge University.
    — I sconce anyone who has ever…

词形变化

sconces plural sconces plural sconces present,singular,third-person sconcing participle,present sconced participle,past sconced past sconces plural skonce alternative sconces present,singular,third-person sconcing participle,present sconced participle,past sconced past skonce alternative

词汇关系

衍生词
ensconce
相关词
abscond

词源

词源 1
From Middle English sconce, sconse (“candlestick or lantern (with screen)”), from Old French esconse (“lantern”), from Latin absconsus (“hidden”), perfect passive participle of abscondō (“hide”). Cognate with abscond.
词源 2
Unclear. Perhaps a use of sconce (“light fixture”) or sconce (“fortification”), but seemingly older than the latter
词源 3
Borrowed from Middle Dutch schans, cognate with German Schanze.
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