sergeant

名词 n.
中文释义
英 /ˈsɑː.d͡ʒənt/    美 /ˈsɑɹ.d͡ʒənt/|/ˈsɑɹ(ə)nt/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A UK army rank with NATO code OR-6, senior to corporal and junior to warrant officer ranks.
  2. The highest rank of noncommissioned officer in some non-naval military forces and police.
    — “Yes, there are two distinct sets of footprints, both wearing rubber shoes—one I think ordinary plimsolls, the other goloshes,” replied the sergeant.
  3. A lawyer of the highest rank, equivalent to the doctor of civil law. historical
    — All other sergeants and barristers indiscriminately (except in the Court of Common Pleas, where only sergeants are admitted) may take upon them the protection and defense of any suitors.
  4. A title sometimes given to the servants of the sovereign. UK,historical
    — sergeant surgeon, i.e. a servant, or attendant, surgeon
  5. A bailiff.
  6. A servant in monastic offices.
  7. A fish, the píntano (Abudefduf saxatilis), a species of damselfish.
  8. Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the genus Athyma; distinct from the false sergeants.

词形变化

sergeants plural serjant alternative sergeaunt alternative serjeant alternative

词汇关系

衍生词
colour sergeant company sergeant major desk sergeant drill sergeant first sergeant gunnery sergeant lance sergeant master gunnery sergeant master sergeant orange staff sergeant police sergeant quartermaster sergeant regimental sergeant major saddler sergeant sarge sergeant-at-arms sergeant at mace sergeant baker sergeantess sergeant first class sergeant fish sergeant-major sergeant major sergeant major loach sergeant-majorly sergeantry sergeantship staff sergeant technical sergeant under-sergeant
相关词
Sargeant sargent Sergeant

词源

From Middle English sergeant, sergeaunt, serjent, serjaunt, serjawnt, sergant, from Old French sergeant, sergent, serjant, sergient, sergant (“sergeant, servant”), from Medieval Latin servientem, accusative of serviēns (“a servant, vassal, soldier, apparitor”), from Latin serviēns (“serving”), present participle of serviō (“serve, be a slave to”). Doublet of servant and servient.
The shift from /vj/ > /dʒ/ was a regular development in Old French. Compare cavea > cage, salvia > sage.
The fish is so called because of its stripes, supposed to resemble a sergeant's insignia of rank.
The pronunciation with /ɑɹ/ is due to a widespread development of Middle English er + consonant (see barn, start etc.). In sergeant, the spelling was standardised in one way, the pronunciation in another (compare clerk, derby in Commonwealth English, further parson vs. person, and varsity vs. university).
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