sham
名词 n.
动词 v.
形容词 adj.
美 /ˈʃeə̯m/|[ˈʃʰeə̯m]|/ˈʃɛə̯m/|[ˈʃʰɛə̯m]
英文释义
名词 n.
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A fake; an imitation that purports to be genuine.
— The time-share deal was a sham.
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Clipping of champagne.
— So I orders a bottle, as if for myself; and, ‘Ma’am, says I, ‘will you take a glass of Sham—just one?’
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Trickery, hoaxing.
— A con-man must be skilled in the arts of sham and deceit.
- A false front, or removable ornamental covering.
- A decorative cover for a pillow.
动词 v.
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To deceive, cheat, lie.
— they find themſelves Fool'd and Shamm'd (as we ſay) into a Conviction.
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To obtrude by fraud or imposition.
— But we muſt have a care all this while, not to […] Sham Fallacyes upon the World for Current Reaſon
- To assume the manner and character of; to imitate; to ape; to feign.
形容词 adj.
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Intended to deceive; false.
— It was only a sham wedding: they didn't care much for one another, but wanted their parents to stop hassling them.
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Counterfeit; unreal.
— For this young lady was not able to carry out any emotion to the full; but had a sham enthusiasm, a sham hatred, a sham love, a sham taste, a sham grief, each of which flared and shone very vehemently for an instant, but subsided and gave place to the next sham emotion.
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词源
Probably a dialectal form of shame.
Alternatively, sham is a term that is used to describe the bottom thick base of a glass, usually a wine or stem glass, where the stem meets the bulbous shape bowl. Glass manufacturers would increase the "sham" to deceive customers into thinking a glass holds more than it actually does. For example, a manufacturer would mold a 12oz glass with a larger "sham" in the base to reduce the volume of the glasses to fit 10-11oz of liquid. By increasing the bulge in the base, usually where the stem meets the glass, it is almost impossible to visually distinguish the difference. This gives the illusion the glass size is the same as any another 12oz glass, but the inside will hold a lesser volume. Later, bringing use to the term "you got shammed" when one party tries to hide something and/or get over on the other party using deceiving tactics.
Alternatively, sham is a term that is used to describe the bottom thick base of a glass, usually a wine or stem glass, where the stem meets the bulbous shape bowl. Glass manufacturers would increase the "sham" to deceive customers into thinking a glass holds more than it actually does. For example, a manufacturer would mold a 12oz glass with a larger "sham" in the base to reduce the volume of the glasses to fit 10-11oz of liquid. By increasing the bulge in the base, usually where the stem meets the glass, it is almost impossible to visually distinguish the difference. This gives the illusion the glass size is the same as any another 12oz glass, but the inside will hold a lesser volume. Later, bringing use to the term "you got shammed" when one party tries to hide something and/or get over on the other party using deceiving tactics.
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数据来源: Wiktionary