shoulder

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义
英 /ˈʃəʊldə/    美 /ˈʃoʊldɚ/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. The part of an animal's body between the base of the neck and arm socket.; The part of the human torso forming a relatively horizontal surface running away from the neck.
    — The parrot was sitting on Steve's shoulder.
  2. The part of an animal's body between the base of the neck and arm socket.; The joint between the arm and the torso, sometimes including the surrounding muscles, tendons, and ligaments.
  3. The part of an animal's body between the base of the neck and arm socket.; A cut of meat comprising the upper joint of the foreleg and the surrounding muscle.
    — In the firſt Courſe there was a Shoulder of Mutton, cut into an Æquilateral Triangle, a Piece of Beef into a Rhomboides, and a Pudding into a Cycloid.
  4. The part of an animal's body between the base of the neck and arm socket.; The portion of a garment where the shoulder is clothed.
  5. Anything forming a shape resembling a human shoulder.
  6. A shelf between two levels.; A usually unsealed strip of land bordering a road, where vehicles can drive or park in an emergency.
    — He stopped the car on the shoulder of the highway to change the flat tire.
  7. A shelf between two levels.; The portion of a hill or mountain just below the peak.
    — […]the north-western shoulder of the mountain[…]
  8. A shelf between two levels.; A lateral protrusion of a hill or mountain.
    — I certainly was not prepared for the cosy nestling valleys that snuggled against the shoulders of the hills; a land where the graystone cottages and farmsteads still prevailed, but where they had taken on something of the softness of their kind in Gloucester and the Cotswolds, and seemed almost like growths of the soil; […].
  9. A shelf between two levels.; The angle of a bastion included between the face and flank.
  10. A shelf between two levels.; An abrupt projection which forms an abutment on an object, or limits motion, etc., such as the projection around a tenon at the end of a piece of timber.
  11. The flat portion of type that is below the bevelled portion that joins up with the face.
  12. The portion between the neck and the body.; The rounded portion of a stringed instrument where the neck joins the body.
  13. The portion between the neck and the body.; The rounded portion of a bottle where the neck meets the body.
  14. The portion between the neck and the body.; The angled section between the neck and the main body of a cartridge.
  15. That which supports or sustains; support. figuratively
    — passage[…]in thy ſhoulder do I builde my Seate;
  16. The part of a key between the cuts and the bow.
  17. The part of a wave that has not yet broken.
    — You see you're going to make it into the safety of the shoulder. It feels like the happiest day of your life.
  18. A season or a time of day when there is relatively little air traffic.
    — For a round-trip journey starting from the UK during the shoulder period (1 April-30 June) […]
动词 v.
  1. To push (a person or thing) using one's shoulder. transitive
    — […]As they the earth would ſhoulder from her ſeat,[…]
  2. To bully, manipulate or pull rank on (somebody). broadly,transitive
    — He shouldered me out of my own band.
  3. To put (something) on one's shoulders. transitive
    — Early in the morning they shouldered light packs, took their rifles, crossed the big draw, and entered the timber where was the deadfall.
  4. To place (something) against one's shoulders. transitive
    — All three sets are nicely sculptured along the bottom to prevent interference when shouldering your gun with proper shooting form.
  5. To bear a burden, as a financial obligation. figuratively,transitive
    — The shareholders were then shouldering a burden of liability out of proportion to their mere ownership of theoretical fractions of the business.
  6. To accept responsibility for. figuratively,transitive
    — shoulder the blame
  7. To form a shape resembling a shoulder. transitive
    — allowance at the bottom of blind bores for the chamfered tip of the reamer will obviate additional operations with shouldering or bottoming reamers to completely finish the entire length of a hole.
  8. To move by or as if by using one's shoulders. intransitive
    — The sullen murmur of the bees shouldering their way through the long unmown grass, or circling with monotonous insistence round the dusty gilt horns of the straggling woodbine, seemed to make the stillness more oppressive.
  9. To round and slightly raise the top edges of slate shingles so that they form a tighter fit at the lower edge and can be swung aside to expose the nail. transitive
  10. To slope downwards from the crest and whitewater portion of a wave. intransitive
  11. Of a servant: to embezzle money from (the employer). archaic,slang,transitive

词形变化

shoulders plural shouder alternative,dialectal shoulders present,singular,third-person shouldering participle,present shouldered participle,past shouldered past shouder alternative,dialectal

词汇关系

衍生词
chip on one's shoulder cold shoulder cold-shoulder cold shoulder sleeve double shoulder lock drop shoulder foreshoulder frozen shoulder give someone the cold shoulder hard shoulder heave-shoulder hip and shoulder look over one's shoulder Milwaukee shoulder syndrome off-shoulder off-the-shoulder over the left shoulder over-the-shoulder boulder holder pull away the shoulder put one's shoulder into put one's shoulder to the wheel rub shoulders set one's shoulder to the wheel shoulder angel shoulder arms shoulderbag shoulder bag shoulder-barge shoulder belt shoulderbelt shoulder-blade shoulder blade shoulder block shoulderboard shoulder bolt shoulder bone shoulder button shoulder check shoulder devil shoulder display shoulder drop shoulderer shoulderette shoulderful Shouldergate shoulder girdle shoulder impingement syndrome shoulder joint shoulder knot shoulder-knot shoulder-length shoulderless shoulderlike shoulderload shoulder mark shoulder-of-mutton sail shoulder pad shoulder piece shoulder pole shoulder-pole shoulder season shoulder-strap shoulder surf shoulder surfer shoulder surfing shoulder to cry on shoulder-to-shoulder shoulder to shoulder straight-from-the-shoulder straight from the shoulder tubeshoulder unshoulder with one shoulder you can't put an old head on young shoulders reshoulder shoulderable

词源

词源 1
From Middle English schuldre, sholder, shulder, schulder, from Old English sċuldra, sċuldor (“shoulder”), from Proto-West Germanic *skuldru (“shoulder”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skelduz (“shield”), see shield. Cognate with Old Frisian skuldere (“shoulder”) (West Frisian skouder (“shoulder”)), Middle Low German scholder (“shoulder”), Low German Schuller, Schulder (“shoulder”), Dutch schouder (“shoulder”), German Schulter (“shoulder”).
词源 2
From Middle English schuldre, sholder, shulder, schulder, from Old English sċuldra, sċuldor (“shoulder”), from Proto-West Germanic *skuldru (“shoulder”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skelduz (“shield”), see shield. Cognate with Old Frisian skuldere (“shoulder”) (West Frisian skouder (“shoulder”)), Middle Low German scholder (“shoulder”), Low German Schuller, Schulder (“shoulder”), Dutch schouder (“shoulder”), German Schulter (“shoulder”).
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