spavin

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义
英 /ˈspævɪn/    美 /ˈspævɪn/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A bony swelling which develops in a horse's leg where the shank and splint bone meet, caused by inflammation of the cartilage connecting those bones; also, a similar swelling caused by inflammation of the hock bones. countable
    — [H]is horſe hip'd vvith an olde mothy ſaddle, and ſtirrops of no kindred: beſides poſſeſt vvith the glanders, and like to moſe in the chine, troubled vvith the Lampaſſe, infected vvith the faſhions, full of VVindegalls, ſped vvith Spauins, raied vvith the Yellovvs, […]
  2. The stratum of earth underneath a coal deposit. rare,transitive
  3. A disease of horses caused by this bony swelling (etymology 1, noun sense 1.1). uncountable
    — [N]ovv the Bots, the Spauin, and the Glanders, and ſome doſen diſeaſes more, light on him, & his Moyles.
  4. A similar disease causing a person's leg to be lame. broadly,uncountable
    — "As an inventor," Bob Mason suggested, "you're a howling success at shooting craps! If I were as free of spavins, ringbone, saddle-galls, and splints as you are, I'd have that nanny-goat in here, hog-tie her, flop her and let the boy help himself. Why monkey with weak imitations when you can come so close to the original."
动词 v.
  1. To cause (a horse or its leg) to have spavin (noun etymology 1, noun sense 1.2). rare,transitive
    — Mr. Lythe had seen many horses which Mr. Field had passed as sound although they were spavined; and he does not recollect a single instance of lameness among them.
  2. To impair or injure (someone or something). figuratively,rare,transitive
    — But Ahab; oh he’s a hard driver. Look, driven one leg to death, and spavined the other for life, and now wears out bone legs by the cord.

词形变化

spavins plural spavins present,singular,third-person spavining participle,present spavined participle,past spavined past spavins plural

词汇关系

衍生词
blood spavin bog spavin bone spavin spavie spavined
相关词
spavindy

词源

词源 1
The noun is derived from Middle English spavein, spaveine (“swelling on horse’s leg causing lameness; disease causing lameness in horses”), from Old French espavain, a variant of esparvain, esprevain, esprevin (modern French éparvin, épervin). The further etymology is unknown; one suggestion is that it is from Frankish *sparwan (“sparrow”), though this is seen as quite tenuous.
The verb is derived from the noun.
词源 2
Origin unknown.
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