temper

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义
英 /ˈtɛmpə/    美 /ˈtɛmpɚ/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A general tendency or orientation towards a certain type of mood, a volatile state; a habitual way of thinking, behaving or reacting. countable,uncountable
    — to have a good, bad, or calm temper
  2. State of mind; mood. countable,uncountable
    — Remember with what mild / And gracious temper he both heard and judg’d / Without wrauth or reviling;
  3. A tendency to become angry. countable,uncountable
    — to have a hasty temper
  4. Anger; a fit of anger. countable,uncountable
    — an outburst of temper
  5. Calmness of mind; moderation; equanimity; composure. countable,uncountable
    — to keep one's temper; to lose one's temper; to recover one's temper
  6. Constitution of body; the mixture or relative proportion of the four humours: blood, choler, phlegm, and melancholy. countable,obsolete,uncountable
    — […] it is hard to say, whether [Christ’s] pain was more shamefull, or his shame more painfull unto him: the exquisiteness of his bodily temper, increasing the exquisiteness of his torment, and the ingenuity of his Soul, adding to his sensibleness of the indignities and affronts offered until him.
  7. Middle state or course; mean; medium. countable,uncountable
    — The perfect lawgiver is a just temper between the mere man of theory, who can see nothing but general principles, and the mere man of business, who can see nothing but particular circumstances.
  8. The state of any compound substance which results from the mixture of various ingredients; due mixture of different qualities. countable,uncountable
    — the temper of mortar
  9. The heat treatment to which a metal or other material has been subjected; a material that has undergone a particular heat treatment. countable,uncountable
  10. The state of a metal or other substance, especially as to its hardness, produced by some process of heating or cooling. countable,uncountable
    — the temper of iron or steel
  11. Milk of lime, or other substance, employed in the process formerly used to clarify sugar. countable,historical,uncountable
    — 1803, John Browne Cutting, “A Succinct History of Jamaica” in Robert Charles Dallas, The History of the Maroons, London: Longman and Rees, Volume 1, pp. xciv-xcv, All cane juice is liable to rapid fermentation. As soon, therefore, as the clarifier is filled, the fire is lighted, and the temper (white lime of Bristol) is stirred into it. The alkali of the lime having neutralized its superabundant acid, a part of it becomes the basis of the sugar.
  12. A non-plastic material, such as sand, added to clay to prevent shrinkage and cracking during drying or firing; tempering. countable,uncountable
动词 v.
  1. To moderate or control.
    — Temper your language around children.
  2. To strengthen or toughen a material, especially metal, by heat treatment; anneal.
    — Tempering is a heat treatment technique applied to metals, alloys, and glass to achieve greater toughness by increasing the strength of materials and/or ductility. Tempering is performed by a controlled reheating of the work piece to a temperature below its lower eutectic critical temperature.
  3. To adjust the temperature of an ingredient (e.g. eggs or chocolate) gradually so that it remains smooth and pleasing.
  4. To sauté spices in ghee or oil to release essential oils for flavouring a dish in South Asian cuisine.
  5. To mix clay, plaster or mortar with water to obtain the proper consistency.
  6. To adjust, as the mathematical scale to the actual scale, or to that in actual use.
  7. To govern; to manage. Latinism,obsolete
    — With which the damned ghosts he governeth, / And furies rules, and Tartare tempereth.
  8. To combine in due proportions; to constitute; to compose. archaic
    — You fools! I and my fellows / Are ministers of fate: the elements / Of whom your swords are temper'd may as well / Wound the loud winds, or with bemock'd-at stabs / Kill the still-closing waters, as diminish / One dowle that's in my plume; […]
  9. To mingle in due proportion; to prepare by combining; to modify, as by adding some new element; to qualify, as by an ingredient; hence, to soften; to mollify; to assuage. archaic
    — Puritan austerity was so tempered by Dutch indifference, that mercy itself could not have dictated a milder system.
  10. To fit together; to adjust; to accommodate. obsolete
    — Thy sustenance […] serving to the appetite of the eater, tempered itself to every man's liking.

词形变化

tempers plural tempre alternative tempers present,singular,third-person tempering participle,present tempered participle,past tempered past tempre alternative

词汇关系

衍生词
bad temper bad-tempered even-tempered good-tempered hot-tempered ill-tempered keep one's temper lose one's temper out of temper quick-tempered short temper short-tempered sweet-tempered temper foam temperish temper of the times temper screw tempersome temper tantrum temper temper temperless austemper martemper mistemper nontempering retemper temperability temperable temperedness temperer tempering untemper untempered well-tempered
相关词
contemper distemper temperament temperance temperate

词源

词源 1
From Middle English temperen, tempren, from Old English ġetemprian, temprian, borrowed from Latin temperō (“(transitive) to divide or proportion duly, to moderate, to regulate; (intransitive) to be moderate, temperate”), from tempus (“time, fit season”). Compare also French tempérer. Doublet of tamper. See temporal.
词源 2
From Middle English temperen, tempren, from Old English ġetemprian, temprian, borrowed from Latin temperō (“(transitive) to divide or proportion duly, to moderate, to regulate; (intransitive) to be moderate, temperate”), from tempus (“time, fit season”). Compare also French tempérer. Doublet of tamper. See temporal.
0 次浏览 数据来源: Wiktionary