abstain

动词 v.
中文释义
英 /əbˈsteɪn/    美 /əbˈsteɪn/|/æbˈsteɪn/

英文释义

动词 v.
  1. Keep or withhold oneself. obsolete,reflexive,transitive
  2. Refrain from (something or doing something); keep from doing, especially an indulgence. intransitive
    — In order to improve his health, Rob decided to abstain from smoking.
  3. Refrain from (something or doing something); keep from doing, especially an indulgence.; To refrain from drinking alcohol. intransitive
    — … she had made Bunting abstain very early in their acquaintance. … Glad she was now that he had taken the pledge as a younger man; but for that nothing would have kept him from the drink during the bad times they had gone through.
  4. Fast (not eat for a period). intransitive,obsolete
  5. Deliberately refrain from casting one's vote at a meeting where one is present. intransitive
    — I abstain from this vote, as I have no particular preference.
  6. Hinder; keep back; withhold. obsolete,transitive
    — Whether he abstain men from marying [sic].

词形变化

abstains present,singular,third-person abstaining participle,present abstained participle,past abstained past no-table-tags table-tags glossary inflection-template abstain infinitive abstain first-person,present,singular abstained first-person,past,singular abstain present,second-person,singular abstainest archaic,present,second-person,singular abstained past,second-person,singular abstainedst archaic,past,second-person,singular abstains present,singular,third-person abstaineth archaic,present,singular,third-person abstained past,singular,third-person abstain plural,present abstained past,plural abstain present,subjunctive abstained past,subjunctive abstain imperative,present - imperative,past abstaining participle,present abstained participle,past

词汇关系

近义词
abjure deny oneself forbear forgo give up refrain relinquish withhold
衍生词
abstainable abstainer abstainment abstention nonabstaining
相关词
abstemious abstinence abstinent

词源

First attested around 1380. From Middle English absteynen, absteinen, abstenen, from Old French astenir, abstenir, from Latin abstineō (“to hold oneself back”) from abs- (“from”) + teneō (“to hold”). See also tenable.
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