fall

名词 n. 动词 v. 感叹词 intj.
/fɔːl/|/foːl/    /foːl/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. The act of moving to a lower position under the effect of gravity. countable,uncountable
    — the fall of the snow
  2. The chasing of a hunted whale.
  3. A reduction in quantity, pitch, etc. countable,uncountable
    — “I'm through with all pawn-games,” I laughed. “Come, let us have a game of lansquenet. Either I will take a farewell fall out of you or you will have your sevenfold revenge”.
  4. The time of the year when the leaves typically fall from the trees; autumn; the season of the year between the autumnal equinox and the winter solstice. Canada,US,archaic,countable,uncountable
    — A friend has pointed out to me the following remark on this word: "In North America the season in which this [the fall of the leaf] takes place, derives its name from that circumstance, and instead of autumn is universally called the fall." [brackets in original]
  5. A loss of greatness or status. countable,uncountable
    — the fall of Rome
  6. That which falls or cascades. countable,uncountable
    — A fall of hair tumbled down one side of her body like a veil.
  7. The height of that which falls or cascades. countable,uncountable
  8. A crucial event or circumstance.; The action of a batsman being out. countable,uncountable
  9. A crucial event or circumstance.; A defect in the ice which causes stones thrown into an area to drift in a given direction. countable,uncountable
  10. A crucial event or circumstance.; An instance of a wrestler being pinned to the mat. countable,uncountable
  11. A hairpiece for women consisting of long strands of hair on a woven backing, intended primarily to cover hair loss. countable,uncountable
    — Female patients with localized hair loss on the top of scalp could select a fall or a demiwig to camouflage crown and anterior scalp loss.
  12. Blame or punishment for a failure or misdeed. US,countable,informal,uncountable
    — He set up his rival to take the fall.
  13. The part of the rope of a tackle to which the power is applied in hoisting (usu. plural). countable,uncountable
    — Have the goodness to secure the falls of the mizzen halyards.
  14. An old Scots unit of measure equal to six ells. countable,uncountable
  15. A short, flexible piece of leather forming part of a bullwhip, placed between the thong and the cracker. countable,uncountable
    — Brooks fitted a new fall to his whip.
  16. The lid, on a piano, that covers the keyboard. countable,uncountable
动词 v.
  1. To be moved downwards.; To move to a lower position under the effect of gravity. intransitive
    — Thrown from a cliff, the stone fell 100 feet before hitting the ground.
  2. To be moved downwards.; To come down, to drop or descend. intransitive
    — The rain fell at dawn.
  3. To be moved downwards.; To come as if by dropping down. intransitive
    — Once or twice a noise fell upon his quick ear, and we halted, he standing revolver in hand in an attitude of defense. Each time, however, we ascertained that we had no occasion for alarm, the noise being made by some animal or bird ...
  4. To be moved downwards.; To come to the ground deliberately, to prostrate oneself. intransitive
    — He fell to the floor and begged for mercy.
  5. To be moved downwards.; To be brought to the ground. intransitive
  6. To move downwards.; To let fall; to drop. obsolete,transitive
    — For every tear he falls, a Trojan bleeds.
  7. To move downwards.; To sink; to depress. obsolete,transitive
    — to fall the voice
  8. To move downwards.; To fell; to cut down. UK,US,archaic,dialectal,transitive
    — to fall a tree
  9. To change, often negatively.; To become (chiefly used with negative states). copulative,intransitive
    — Near-synonyms: become, get, go, turn, come, grow, wax
  10. To change, often negatively.; To collapse; to be overthrown or defeated. intransitive
    — Rome fell to the Goths in 410 AD.
  11. To change, often negatively.; To die, especially in battle or by disease. euphemistic,formal,intransitive
    — This is a monument to all those who fell in the First World War.
  12. To change, often negatively.; To become lower (in quantity, pitch, etc.). intransitive
    — The candidate's poll ratings fell abruptly after the banking scandal.
  13. To occur (on a certain day of the week, date, or similar); to happen.
    — Thanksgiving always falls on a Thursday.
  14. To be allotted to; to arrive through chance, fate, or inheritance. intransitive
    — And so it falls to me to make this important decision.
  15. To diminish; to lessen or lower. obsolete,transitive
    — Upon lessening interest to four per cent, you fall the price of your native commodities.
  16. To bring forth. obsolete,transitive
    — to fall lambs
  17. To issue forth into life; to be brought forth; said of the young of certain animals. intransitive,obsolete
    — As for Calves newly fallen, you must leave them with good Litter of fresh Straw until such qime as the Cows have licked and cleansed them,
  18. To descend in character or reputation; to become degraded; to sink into vice, error, or sin. intransitive
    — Let us labour therefore to enter into that rest, lest any man fall after the same example of unbelief.
  19. To become ensnared or entrapped; to be worse off than before. intransitive
    — to fall into error;  to fall into difficulties;  to fall into ruin
  20. To assume a look of shame or disappointment; to become or appear dejected; said of the face. intransitive
    — Cain was very wroth, and his countenance fell.
  21. To happen; to come to pass; to chance or light (upon). intransitive
    — Sit still, my daughter, until thou know how the matter will fall.
  22. To begin with haste, ardour, or vehemence; to rush or hurry. intransitive
    — After arguing, they fell to blows.
  23. To be dropped or uttered carelessly. intransitive
    — An unguarded expression fell from his lips.
  24. To hang down (under the influence of gravity). intransitive
    — Her hair, which curled naturally, fell all over her shoulders.
  25. To visit; to go to a place. intransitive,slang
    — We'll fall over to the club tonight.
感叹词 intj.
  1. The cry given when a whale is sighted, or harpooned.

词形变化

falls present,singular,third-person falling participle,present fell past fallen participle,past fal alternative,obsolete falls plural fal alternative,obsolete falls plural

词汇关系

衍生词
almost fall off one's chair fall off one's chair nearly fall off one's chair atfall befall bottom falls out catch a falling knife easy as falling off a log fair fall fallable fall aboard fall aboard of fall about fall about someone's ears fall about the place fall abreast of fall abroad of fall across fall adown fall afire fall afoul fall afoul of fall after fallage fall all over someone or oneself fall among fall apart fall around fall asleep fall aslope fall astern fall asunder fall at fall at the crest fall at the final hurdle fall at the first fence fall at the first hurdle fall at the last hurdle fall away fall back fall back, fall edge fall back into fall back on fall back upon fall behind fall behindhand fall below fall between the cracks fall between two stools fall by fall by the wayside fall calm fall classic fall dead fall down fall down on fall due fallen faller fall flat fall flat on one's face fall for fall forth fall foul fall foul of fall foul with fall from fall heir fall home fall ill fall in fall in age fall in flesh fall in for falling falling block falling in love falling off the bone falling-out falling out falling together fall in line fall in love fall in lust fall in mold fall in mould fall in one's road fall in one's way fall in somebody's heart fall in someone's heart fall in somebody's mind fall in someone's mind fall into fall into a trap fall into line fall into oneself fall into one's hands fall into one's lap fall into place fall into somebody's heart fall into someone's heart fall into somebody's mind fall into someone's mind fall into someone's hands fall into someone's lap fall into the wrong hands fall in two fall in upon fall in with fall of fall off fall off a cliff fall off a truck fall off one's perch fall off the back of a lorry fall off the back of a truck fall off the cliff fall off the radar fall off the turnip truck fall off the wagon fall of the wall fall on fall on a grenade fall on board fall on deaf ears fall one's crest fall on hard times fall on one's face fall on one's feet fall on one's knees fall on one's sword fall on shore fall on sleep fall on someone's neck fall on stony ground fall on the crest fall open fall out fall out in fall out of fall out of favor fall out of love fall out upon fall out with fall over fall over oneself fall over one's feet fall pregnant fall prey fall prey to fall short fall short of fall short to fall sick fall silent fallstreaks fallstreifen fall through fall through the cracks fall through the floor fall to fall to be fall to bits fall together fall to loggerheads fall to mold fall to mould fall to oneself fall to one's knees fall to one's lot fall to one's share fall to pieces fall to powder fall to someone's lot fall to the ground fall under fall unto fall up fall upon fall upon someone's neck fall victim to fall what can fall fall what will fall fall with fall within fell foul fall he who digs a pit for others falls in himself how the mighty have fallen let fall let the chips fall where they may let the dice fall where they may like falling off a log may fall may-fall of-fall refall scales fall from someone's eyes spring forward, fall back tendency of the rate of profit to fall the apple does not fall far from the stem the apple does not fall far from the tree the apple doesn't fall far from the tree the apple never falls far from the tree the apple does not fall far from the trunk the bigger they are, the harder they fall the bigger they come, the harder they fall the curtain falls the nut does not fall far from the tree the rain in Spain falls mainly in the plain the sky fell in the sky will fall on your head to-fall trust-falling under-fall united we stand, divided we fall until the wheels fall off downfall fall-back fall from grace misfall overfall accidental fall airfall angle of fall ashfall ash fall backfall bergfall be riding for a fall best-of-three-falls match block and fall break a fall breakfall break-fall break one's fall brothfall byfall catfall center of falls centre of falls chainfall cliff fall cloudfall crossfall darkfall deadfall dead-fall dead fall dewfall dew-fall dirtfall dogfall dog-fall dustfall earthfall evenfall even-fall fall-and-rise phenomenon fall and tackle fall armyworm fall-block fall block fall-blooming fallboard fall-board fall break fall-breaker fall-bridge fall cankerworm fall-cloud fall colors Fall Creek fall dandelion fall-door fall duck fall dwindle disease fall equinox fall factor fallfish fall-fish fall foliage fall-forward fall front fall-front desk fall-guy fall guy fall herring fall-iron door fallish fall-leaf fall-less fall-like fall-line fall line fall money fall of day fall of man fall of shot fall of the leaf fall of the perch fall of wicket fallout fall overturn fall-pipe fall-pippin fall plate fall rate fallrate fall-rise Fall River fall-rope fall-run fish falls Falls-to-Falls Corridor fallstreak fall supper fall-through falltide falltime fall time fall-trap fall turnover fallway fall-way fallwear fall webworm fall-wind fall wind fall-window fall woman fall-wood fally fall zone firefall fish fall flagfall fogfall food fall footfall foot-fall forcefall freefall free fall fruit fall fussefall give a fall grainfall hailfall hairfall icefall ice-fall ice fall infall iron fall jawfall jaw-fall landfall lavafall law-fall leaffall leaf-fall litterfall mainfall midfall mid-fall mistfall moonfall mouse-fall mousefall near-fall nearfall nightfall no fall zone nutfall offal onfall outfall parachute landing fall penny fall pinfall pitfall planetfall pratfall prat-fall pratt-fall prefall pressure-fall center pressure-fall centre pride comes before a fall pride goes before a fall pride goeth before a fall proudfall rainfall rat-fall ride for a fall rises and falls rockfall rock fall roof fall root-fall sandfall shake a fall shortfall shout-and-fall slip and fall smokefall snowfall snow-fall spatfall speck falls starfall stiff board fall stonefall sunfall Swedish fall tackle fall take a fall take a fall out of take the fall technical fall terminal fall velocity the Fall of Baghdad the Fall of Constantinople the Fall of France the Fall of Saigon the Fall of the Roman Empire the Fall of Rome threadfall throughfall tidefall toe drain and outfall tofall trad fall trapfall trap-fall treefall trust fall try a fall two-out-of-three-falls match underfall waterfall whale fall whalefall windfall withfall wrestle a fall wrist-fall zipper fall
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词源

词源 1
Verb from Middle English fallen, from Old English feallan (“to fall, fail, decay, die, attack”), from Proto-West Germanic *fallan (“to fall”), from Proto-Germanic *fallaną (“to fall”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃elh₁- (“to collapse, fall; to destroy”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots faw (“to fall”), Yola vale, vall, vole (“to fall”), North Frisian faal, fåle (“to fall”), Saterland Frisian faale (“to fall”), West Frisian falle (“to fall”), Bavarian foin (“to fall”), Cimbrian ballan, vallan (“to fall”), Dutch vallen (“to fall”), German and Low German fallen (“to fall”), Luxembourgish falen (“to fall”), Yiddish פֿאַלן (faln, “to fall”), Danish falde (“to fall”), Faroese, Icelandic, and Swedish falla (“to fall”), Norwegian Bokmål falle (“to fall”), Norwegian Nynorsk falla, falle (“to fall”); also Latin aboleō (“to destroy; to die”), Ancient Greek ὄλλῡμι (óllūmi, “to destroy; to lose”), Armenian եղեռն (eġeṙn, “crime; calamity, catastrophe; slaughter”), Lithuanian pùlti (“to fall; to attack, assault”).
Noun from Middle English fal, fall, falle, from Old English feall, ġefeall (“a falling, fall”) and Old English fealle (“trap, snare”), from Proto-Germanic *fallą, *fallaz (“a fall, trap”). Cognate with Yola vall (“fall”), Dutch val (“fall”), German Fall (“fall”), Danish fald (“fall”), Faroese, Icelandic, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish fall (“fall”).
Sense of "autumn" is attested by the 1660s in England as a shortening of fall of the leaf (1540s), from the falling of leaves during this season. Along with autumn, it mostly replaced the older name harvest as that name began to be associated strictly with the act of harvesting. Compare spring, which began as a shortening of “spring of the leaf”.
词源 2
Perhaps from the north-eastern Scottish pronunciation of whale.
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