shock

名词 n. 动词 v. 形容词 adj.
中文释义
英 /ʃɒk/    美 /ʃɔk/|/ʃɑk/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. An arrangement of sheaves for drying; a stook.
    — Cause it on shocks to be by and by set.
  2. A sudden, heavy impact. countable
    — The train hit the buffers with a great shock.
  3. A sudden, heavy impact.; Something so surprising that it is stunning. countable,figuratively
    — My mother's news was a shock I still haven't recovered from.
  4. A lot consisting of sixty pieces; a term applied in some Baltic ports to loose goods. dated
  5. A tuft or bunch of something, such as hair or grass. broadly
    — His head boasted a shock of sandy hair.
  6. A sudden, heavy impact.; A sudden or violent emotional disturbance. countable
    — Carl had a shock at what he found.
  7. A sudden, heavy impact.; An experience that leaves someone shaken; a very surprising, exhilarating or amazing experience. countable
    — The surprising blast of cold water on my face was a tremendous shock.
  8. A small dog with long shaggy hair, especially a poodle or spitz; a shaggy lapdog. obsolete
    — When I read of witty persons, I could not figure them but like the little shock. (translating the German Spitz)
  9. A sudden, heavy impact.; Electric shock, a sudden burst of electrical energy hitting a person or animal. countable
    — We gave him a couple shocks, but the patient passed away anywway.
  10. A sudden, heavy impact.; The stimulation of nerves and convulsive contraction of muscles caused by electrical current flowing through a body. countable
  11. A sudden, heavy impact.; A state of distress following a mental or emotional disturbance, often caused by news or other stimuli. uncountable
    — Fans were in shock in the days following the singer's death.
  12. A sudden, heavy impact.; Circulatory shock, a medical emergency characterized by the inability of the circulatory system to supply enough oxygen to meet tissue requirements. uncountable
    — Call an ambulance, he's in shock!
  13. A sudden, heavy impact.; A shock wave. countable
    — Several reflected shocks enter the bomb core in rapid succession, each helping to compress it to its maximum density.
  14. A shock absorber (typically in the suspension of a vehicle). countable,plural,uncountable,usually
    — If your truck's been riding rough, it might need new shocks.
  15. A discontinuity arising in the solution of a partial differential equation. countable,uncountable
  16. A chemical added to a swimming pool to moderate the chlorine levels. uncountable
    — The warehouse that caught fire contained 99% trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) – used to make chlorinated tablets to control bacteria and algae – and 99% dichloroisocyanuric acid (DCCA), which is used to make swimming pool shock – a treatment used to help break down contaminants.
动词 v.
  1. To collect, or make up, into a shock or shocks; to stook. transitive
    — to shock rye
  2. To cause to be emotionally shocked; to cause (someone) to feel greatly surprised or upset. transitive
    — The disaster shocked the world.
  3. To strike with disgust, to offend, scandalize. transitive
  4. To give an electric shock to. transitive
  5. To subject to a shock wave or violent impact. transitive
    — Ammonium nitrate can detonate if severely shocked.
  6. To meet with a shock; to collide in a violent encounter. intransitive,obsolete
    — They saw the moment approach when the two parties would shock together.
  7. To cook something very briefly in a hot liquid, then immediately submerge it in ice water to stop the cooking process. transitive
    — Can you shock the spinach over there?
  8. To add a chemical to (a swimming pool) to moderate the chlorine levels. transitive
  9. To deform the crystal structure of a stone by the application of extremely high pressure at moderate temperature, as produced only by hypervelocity impact events, lightning strikes, and nuclear explosions. transitive
    — It takes more than two gigapascals (two billion pascals) of pressure to shock quartz in this manner (for comparison, the atmosphere at sea level exerts a little over 100,000 pascals of pressure).
形容词 adj.
  1. Causing intense surprise, horror, etc.; unexpected and shocking. not-comparable
    — His shock announcement rocked the tennis world.

词形变化

shocks plural choque alternative,obsolete choque alternative,obsolete shocks present,singular,third-person shocking participle,present shocked participle,past shocked past choque alternative,obsolete shocks plural choque alternative,obsolete shocks present,singular,third-person shocking participle,present shocked participle,past shocked past choque alternative,obsolete

词汇关系

衍生词
accretion shock acoustic shock aftershock after-shock anaphylactic shock antishock anti-shock anti-shock body bottle-shock bow shock cardiogenic shock China shock circulatory shock cold shock response countershock cryoshock cultural shock culture shock current shock dengue shock syndrome downshock earthshock economic shock electric shock electroshock footshock foreshock future shock heat shock heat shock protein hypovolemic shock insulin shock therapy intershock macroshock mainshock microshock midshock neurogenic shock Nixon shock nonshock oblique shock ontological shock osmoshock photoshock postshock preshock re-entry shock return shock reverse culture shock septic shock shell-shock shell shock shock absorber shock absorption shock and awe shock collar shock diamond shockee shockeroo shockfic shock front shockfront shock-headed shock horror shockie shocking pink shock jock shockless shocklike shock mount shock paddle shockpeakon shockproof shock rock shock site shock stall shock-stall shock stalled shock-stalled shock stalling shock strut shock tactics shock therapy shock to the system shock trauma shock treatment shock troop shockumentary shock value shockvertising shock wave shockwave shock worker shocky short sharp shock sticker shock subshock supply shock technology shock termination shock thermal shock thundershock toxic shock syndrome upshock visual-shock kei shocker overshock shockability shockable shocked shocking shockdog shockhead

词源

词源 1
From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake.
Cognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). Doublet of shog.
词源 2
Variant of shag.
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