summer

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义
英 /ˈsʌmə/|[ˈsʌmə]    美 /ˈsʌmɚ/|[ˈsʌmɚ] ~ [ˈsʌmɹ̩]

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. One of four seasons, traditionally the second, marked by the longest and typically hottest days of the year due to the inclination of the Earth and thermal lag. Typically regarded as spanning either the period between the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox, or the months of June, July, and August in the Northern Hemisphere and the months of December, January and February in the Southern Hemisphere. countable,uncountable
    — the heat of summer
  2. A horizontal beam supporting a building.
    — And we are warned, that the foundation or maine summers of our houses faile and shrinke, when we see the quarters bend, or wals to breake.
  3. A person who sums.
  4. year; used to give the age of a person, usually a young one. countable,humorous,poetic,uncountable
    — He was barely eighteen summers old.
  5. A pack-horse. obsolete
  6. A machine or algorithm that sums.
    — A basic feedback system consists of ... and a summing point (comparator or summer).
  7. Most flourishing, happy, or beautiful period; golden age, prime. countable,figuratively,uncountable
    — O! craving heart, for the lost flowers And sunshine of my summer hours!
  8. Someone with light, pinkish skin that has a blue undertone, light hair and eyes, seen as best suited to certain colors of clothing. countable
动词 v.
  1. To spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday. intransitive
    — For he was an oddity, a black multimillionaire who summered on the Riviera, had an apartment in Paris and a penthouse, in a building he owned, high above Sugar Hill.

词形变化

summers plural somer alternative,obsolete,pronunciation-spelling sommer alternative,obsolete summers present,singular,third-person summering participle,present summered participle,past summered past somer alternative,obsolete,pronunciation-spelling sommer alternative,obsolete summers plural summers plural

词汇关系

反义词
winter
衍生词
bressummer summer bar summerbeam summer-castle summering summer-piece summer-stone summer-tower summertree summer-trestle transsummer summer-up
相关词
adder
并列词
spring autumn fall

词源

词源 1
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *sem-
Proto-Indo-European *s(e)m-eh₂-
Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₂-ór-o-der.
Proto-Germanic *sumaraz
Proto-West Germanic *sumar
Old English sumor
Middle English somer
English summer
From Middle English somer, sumer, from Old English sumor m, from Proto-West Germanic *sumar m, from Proto-Germanic *sumaraz m, derived from Proto-Indo-European *semh₂- (“summer”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots somer, sumer, simer, West Frisian simmer, Saterland Frisian Suumer, Dutch zomer, Low German Sommer, German Sommer, Danish and Norwegian Bokmål sommer, Swedish sommar, Norwegian Nynorsk and Icelandic sumar; Welsh haf, Armenian ամ (am, “year”), ամառ (amaṙ, “summer”), Sanskrit समा (sámā, “a half-year, season, weather, year”), Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬨 (ham-), Middle Persian ḥʾmyn (hāmīn), Northern Kurdish havîn, Central Kurdish ھاوین (hawîn).
词源 2
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *sem-
Proto-Indo-European *s(e)m-eh₂-
Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₂-ór-o-der.
Proto-Germanic *sumaraz
Proto-West Germanic *sumar
Old English sumor
Middle English somer
English summer
From Middle English somer, from Anglo-Norman summer, sumer, from Vulgar Latin saumārius, for Late Latin sagmārius, from Latin sagma (“sum”). Compare sumpter.
词源 3
Etymology tree
English sum
Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.
Proto-Italic *-āzijos
Latin -āriusnom.
Latin -āriusbor.
Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz
Proto-West Germanic *-ārī
Old English -ere
Middle English -ere
English -er
English summer
From sum + -er.
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