swear

名词 n. 动词 v. 形容词 adj.
中文释义
英 /ˈswɛə(ɹ)/    美 /ˈswɛɚ/|/ˈsweː/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A swear word.
    — You might think it funny to hear this Kanaka girl come out with a big swear. No such thing. There was no swearing in her — no, nor anger; she was beyond anger, and meant the word simple and serious.
  2. A lazy time; a short rest during working hours (especially field labour); a siesta. Northern-England,Scotland
动词 v.
  1. To take an oath, to promise intensely, solemnly, and/or with legally binding effect. ambitransitive
    — The knight swore not to return to the palace until he had found the treasure.
  2. To be lazy; rest for a short while during working hours. Northern-England,Scotland
  3. To take an oath that an assertion is true. transitive
    — The witness swore that the person she had seen running out of the bank was a foot shorter than the accused.
  4. To promise intensely that something is true; to strongly assert. transitive
    — I swear I don't know what you're talking about.
  5. To administer an oath to (a person). transitive
    — Let the witness be sworn.
  6. To use offensive, profane, or obscene language. ambitransitive
    — An Australian was once appointed on contract, but he swore too much.
形容词 adj.
  1. Heavy. Northern-England,Scotland
  2. Top-heavy; too high. Northern-England,Scotland
  3. Dull; lazy; slow. Northern-England,Scotland
    — Rise up gueedewife, an dinna be sweer, / B'soothan, b'soothan, / An deal yir chirity t' the peer, / An awa b'mony a toon.
  4. Reluctant; unwilling. Northern-England,Scotland
    — But faith, to glump ye I'd be sweer / I wish ye luck o' this new year
  5. Niggardly. Northern-England,Scotland
    — For if my Pen shall turn as Sweir's their Purse / I fear this is the last I'll write in Verse

词形变化

swears present,singular,third-person swearing participle,present swore past sware archaic,past sworn participle,past swore nonstandard,participle,past swears plural swearer comparative more swear comparative swearest superlative most swear superlative sweer alternative sweir alternative swere alternative swears plural sweer alternative sweir alternative swere alternative swears present,singular,third-person swearing participle,present sweared participle,past sweared past sweer alternative sweir alternative swere alternative

词汇关系

近义词
swear blaspheme curse curse like a pagan curse like a trooper curse like a sailor cuss eff and blind eff and jeff execrate imprecate swear like a cutter swear like a pagan swear like a trooper swear like a sailor turn the air blue vilify
反义词
mind one's language
下位词
drop the f-bomb outswear
衍生词
answer beswear could have sworn counterswear forswear I swear misswear outswear overswear pinky swear reswear re-swear say you swear swearable swear at swear blind swear by swear down swear in swear like a cutter swear like a pagan swear like a sailor swear like a trooper swear off swear on swear on a stack swear on a stack of Bibles swear out swearsies swearsome swear the peace swear to God swear upon swear word unswear sweary swearness swearock
相关词
cuss up a blue streak pardon my French potty mouth swearing swear word

词源

词源 1
From Middle English sweren, swerien, from Old English swerian (“to swear, take an oath of office”), from Proto-West Germanic *swarjan, from Proto-Germanic *swarjaną (“to speak, swear”), from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to swear”).
Cognate with West Frisian swarre (“to swear”), Saterland Frisian swera (“to swear”), Dutch zweren (“to swear, vow”), Low German swören (“to swear”), sweren, German schwören (“to swear”), Danish sværge, Swedish svära (“to swear”), Icelandic sverja (“to swear”), Russian свара (svara, “quarrel”). Also cognate to Albanian var (“to hang, consider, to depend from”) through Proto-Indo-European.
The original sense in all Germanic languages is “to take an oath”. The sense “to use bad language” developed in Middle English and is based on the Christian prohibition against swearing in general (cf. Matthew 5:33-37) and invoking God’s name in particular (i.e. frequent swearing was considered similar to the use of obscene words).
词源 2
From the above verb, or from Middle English sware, from Old English swaru, from Proto-Germanic *swarō.
词源 3
From Middle English swere, swer, swar, from Old English swǣr, swār (“heavy, heavy as a burden, of great weight, oppressive, grievous, painful, unpleasant, sad, feeling or expressing grief, grave, slow, dull, sluggish, slothful, indolent, inactive from weakness, enfeebled, weak”), from Proto-West Germanic *swār, from Proto-Germanic *swēraz (“heavy”), from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“heavy”).
Cognate with West Frisian swier (“heavy”), Dutch zwaar (“heavy, hard, difficult”), German schwer (“heavy, hard, difficult”), Danish svær (“heavy, hard, severe”), Swedish svår (“heavy, hard, severe”), Latin sērius (“earnest, grave, solemn, serious”) and Albanian varrë (“wound, plague”).
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