lack

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义
英 /læk/    美 /læk/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A deficiency or need (of something desirable or necessary); an absence, want, dearth. countable,uncountable
    — […] let his lack of years be no impediment to let him lack a reverend estimation;
  2. Archaic form of lakh. alt-of,archaic
    — a lack of rupees
  3. A defect or failing; moral or spiritual degeneracy. countable,obsolete,uncountable
    — In the old days, to my commonplace and unobserving mind, he gave no evidences of genius whatsoever. He never read me any of his manuscripts, […], and therefore my lack of detection of his promise may in some degree be pardoned.
动词 v.
  1. To be without, not to have, to need, to require. stative,transitive
    — My life lacks excitement.
  2. To be short (of or for something). intransitive
    — He'll never lack for company while he's got all that money.
  3. To be in want. intransitive,obsolete
    — The young lions do lack, and suffer hunger […]
  4. To see the deficiency in (someone or something); to find fault with, to malign, reproach. obsolete
    — That is Mede þe Mayde quod she · hath noyed me ful oft / And ylakked my lemman.
  5. To be off one's guard.
    — His opps caught him lacking.

词形变化

lacks plural lacks present,singular,third-person lacking participle,present lacked participle,past lacked past lacks plural

词汇关系

近义词
dearth deficiency deficit dejection inadequacy infrequency insufficiency meagerness nonsufficiency lack paucity penury rareness rarity scantiness scarcity shortage shortcoming unsufficiency want
反义词
adequacy excess
下位词
apathy cowardice poverty
衍生词
for lack of for lack of trying lackless lack of sleep alack lack-all lackbrain lack-grace lackland lack-latin lack-laughter lack-learning lack-life lack-linen lack-looks lack-love lacklustre lack-mind lack-pity lackstock lackwit
相关词
abundant lackluster

词源

词源 1
From Middle English lack, lakke, lak, from Old English *læc (“deficiency, lack, want”), from Proto-West Germanic *lak, from Proto-Germanic *laką, *lakaz (“slackness”), from Proto-Germanic *lakaz (“limp, slack, loose, low”), related to *lak(k)ōną (“to blame, reproach”), from Proto-Indo-European *lok-néh₂-. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Lak (“lack”), Middle Low German lack, lak (“lack”), Dutch lak (“lack, deficiency, calumny”), Icelandic lakur (“lacking”). Related also to Middle Dutch laken (“to blame, lack”).
Eclipsed non-native Middle English carence (“absence, lack”), from Old French carence.
词源 2
From Middle English lacken, lakken, laken, from Old English læccian, *lacian (“to blame, criticise, lack”), from Proto-West Germanic *lak(k)ōn (“to blame, be lacking”), from Proto-Germanic *lak(k)ōną (“to reproach, blame, be lacking”), from Proto-Indo-European *lok-néh₂-. Cognate with Old Frisian lakia, lekia (“to contest, blame”), Middle Low German lacken, laken (“to reproach, blame, criticise”), Middle Dutch laken (“to disapprove, blame, lack”), Dutch laken (“to blame, reproach”).
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