list

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义
发音 lĭst

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. Art; craft; cunning; skill. archaic,uncountable
    — In discussing the Syllabus and the last dogma of 1870, so much must be allowed for Italian list and cunning, or a word-fence. An Englishman, with his matter-of-fact way of putting things, is no match for these gentry.
    VERSATILE MIND: Miscellanea for Peter Schreiner for His 60th Birthday
  2. Desire, inclination. obsolete
    — I know too much: / I finde it, I; for when I ha liſt to ſleepe, / Mary, before your Ladiſhip I grant, / She puts her tongue alittle in her heart, / And chides with thinking.
    I know, [she talks] too much: / I find that, when I have desire to sleep. / Indeed, before your Ladyship I admit, / She keeps a little quiet, / And scolds me with her thoughts.
  3. A tilt to a building.
  4. A strip of fabric, especially from the edge of a piece of cloth.
    — 1. Gent[leman]. Well: there went but a paire of ſheeres betweene vs. / Luc[io]. I grant: as there may betweene the Liſts, and the Veluet. Thou art the Liſt. / 1. Gent. And thou the Veluet. Thou art good Veluet; thou'rt a three pild-piece I warrant thee: I had as liefe be a Lyſt of an Engliſh Kerſey, as be pil'd, as thou art pil'd, for a French Veluet. Do I ſpeake feelingly now?
    1st Gentleman. Well, you and I are cut from the same cloth. / Lucio. I agree: just as the lists [scraps from the edge of the cloth] and the velvet are from the same cloth. You are the list. / 1st Gentleman. And you are the velvet. You are good velvet; you are a three-piled piece, I'll bet. I would willingly be a list of an English kersey, than be full of piles [haemorrhoids], as you are piled, like a French velvet. Do I speak feelingly now?
  5. Material used for cloth selvage.
    — Previous to the offering up of prayer, however, the persons chosen for this office [of praying for the people] had divested themselves of their boots and put on list slippers, their hands being washed by "the descendants of Levi" at a basin near the Holy of Holies.
  6. A careening or tilting to one side, usually not intentionally or under a vessel's own power.
  7. A register or roll of paper consisting of a compilation or enumeration of a set of possible items; the compilation or enumeration itself.
    — Natures that haue much Heat, and great and violent deſires and Perturbations, are not ripe for Action, till they haue paſſed the Meridian of their yeares: As it was with Iulius Cæſar, and Septimius Seuerus. […] And yet he [Septimus Severus] was the Ableſt Emperour, almoſt, of all the Liſt.
  8. The barriers or palisades used to fence off a space for jousting or tilting tournaments. historical,in-plural
    — On pain of death, no person be so bold Or daring-hardy as to touch the lists, Except the marshal and such officers Appointed to direct these fair designs.
  9. The scene of a military contest; the ground or field of combat; an enclosed space that serves as a battlefield; the site of a pitched battle. historical,in-plural
    — The sun’s bright lances rout the mists of morning, and by George! Here’s Longstreet struggling in the lists, hemmed in an ugly gorge. Pope and his Yankees, whipped before, “Bay’nets and grape!” hear Stonewall roar; “Charge, Stuart! Pay off Ashby’s score!” in “Stonewall Jackson’s Way.”
  10. A codified representation of a list used to store data or in processing; especially, in the Lisp programming language, a data structure consisting of a sequence of zero or more items.
    — Lisp is an applicative language. This means that it is structured around applying functions (operations) to a linked list of arguments that accompany those functions. […] A function call or function definition is only coded in the syntax of a list, which can be of an indefinite length. Thus, the list is the only data structure for a Lisp program.
  11. A little square moulding; a fillet or listel.
    — STRIÆ, in ancient architecture, the liſts, fillets or rays which ſeparate the ſtriges or flutings of columns.
  12. A narrow strip of wood, especially sapwood, cut from the edge of a board or plank.
  13. A piece of woollen cloth with which the yarns are grasped by a worker.
  14. The first thin coating of tin; a wire-like rim of tin left on an edge of the plate after it is coated.
  15. A stripe. obsolete
    — Thus the Aſſe having a peculiar mark of a croſſe made by a black liſt down his back, and another athwart, or at right angles down his ſhoulders; common opinion aſcribes this figure unto a peculiar ſignation; ſince that beaſt had the honour to bear our Saviour on his back.
  16. A boundary or limit; a border. obsolete
    — [W]ere it good / […] to ſet ſo rich a maine / On the nice hazard of one doubtfull houre? / It were not good for therein ſhould we read / The very bottome and the ſoule of hope, / The very liſt, the very vtmost bound / Of all our fortunes.
    Is it good / […] to place so high a stake / On the risky hazard of one doubtful hour? / No, it would be no good for we would read into it that we had reached / The end of our hope, / The very limit, the very utmost boundary / Of all our luck.
动词 v.
  1. To cause (something) to tilt to one side. transitive
    — The steady wind listed the ship.
  2. To listen. intransitive,poetic
    — 2 [Soldier] Peace, what noiſe? / 1 [Soldier] Liſt liſt. / 2 Hearke. / 1 Music i' th' Ayre.
  3. To desire, like, or wish (to do something). archaic,transitive
    — who liſt to lyue yn quyetnes by me lett hym beware For I by highe dyſdayne ame made withoute redreſſe and vnkyndenes Alas hathe ſlayne my poore trew hart all comfortles
  4. To create or recite a list. transitive
  5. To be pleasing to. archaic,transitive
    — Might then I depart, and dwell as listeth me, out of all the world?
  6. To listen to. poetic,transitive
    — Then way what loſſe your honor may ſuſtaine / If with too credent eare you liſt his ſongs / Or looſe your hart, or your chaſt treaſure open / To his vnmaſtred importunity.
  7. To tilt to one side. intransitive
    — The ship listed to port.
  8. To place in listings. transitive
    — As the export market for tropical hardwoods expanded, timber from tropical rain forests very rapidly became the dominant or major forest product, dominant to such an extent that trade figures often do not even list the minor forest products exported, or their value.
  9. To sew together, as strips of cloth, so as to make a show of colours, or to form a border. transitive
  10. To cover with list, or with strips of cloth; to put list on; to stripe as if with list. transitive
    — to list a door
  11. To plough and plant with a lister. transitive
  12. To prepare (land) for a cotton crop by making alternating beds and alleys with a hoe. Southern-US,transitive
  13. To cut away a narrow strip, as of sapwood, from the edge of. transitive
    — to list a board
  14. To enclose (a field, etc.) for combat. transitive
  15. To engage a soldier, etc.; to enlist. obsolete,transitive
    — […] It is therefore ordered that the Maior and Aldermen of Colchester [et al.], shall forthwith procure and raise in the said severall townes, and other pleces adjacent, two thousand horses for dragooners, or as manie as possible they may, for the service as aforesaid, and with all possible speed to send them up to London unto Thomas Browne Grocer, and Maximilian Beard Girdler, by us appointed to list horses for the service aforesaid; […]
  16. To engage in public service by enrolling one's name; to enlist. intransitive,obsolete
  17. To give a building of architectural or historical interest listed status; see also the adjective listed.
    — A century later, BR demolished the downside main buildings, so the eastbound and central platforms were promptly listed - which has ensured their survival, albeit increasingly neglected in recent years. This has now been rectified, [...].
  18. To trade on a particular stock exchange. intransitive
    — Responsible for public affairs, business strategy, corporate development and finance, he [Donald Tang] now faces the task of getting an initial public offering over the line in London after ditching earlier plans to list in New York in the face of US political opposition.

词形变化

lists plural lists present,singular,third-person listing participle,present listed participle,past listed past lists present,singular,third-person listing participle,present list participle,past list past lists present,singular,third-person listing participle,present listed participle,past listed past lists plural lists present,singular,third-person listing participle,present listed participle,past listed past

词汇关系

近义词
list
下位词
access control list adjacency list alist A-list A list allowlist association list backlist bigot list bill binnacle list blacklist B-list blocklist booklist bucket list buddy list bullet list bulleted list catalog catalogue checklist Christmas list civil list class list C-list clout list codelist concordance controlled vocabulary dean's list decklist definition list denylist directory disabled list display list distribution list D-list dream list dropdown list drop-down list droplist edge list e-list email list enumeration fair list finderlist flag list free list frequency list friends list frontlist graylist greylist grocery list guestlist handlist hit list honey do list honeydew list hotlist index itemization inventory jump list laundry list law list life list linked list linklist listicle litany longlist mailing list manifest menu multilist muster roll naughty list navy list netlist no fly list nodelist numbered list offlist off-list party list picklist playlist price list prize list pull list punch list reading list roll Red List reference list register registry reserved list retired list roster schedule set list setlist shit list shitlist shopping list short list shortlist shot list shotlist sick list skip list snagging list stock list stocklist stop list superlist Swadesh list swaplist tasklist thesaurus tier list to-do list toplist tracklist transfer list unfair list userlist Verlet list waiting list waitlist wait-list want list wanted list watch list watchlist white list whitelist wine list winelist wish list wishlist word list wordlist worklist Z-list
衍生词
access control list add to the list adjacency list alist A-list A list association list backlist bigot list binnacle list blacklist B-list blocklist blue list booklist bucket list buddy list bullet list bulleted list checklist Christmas list civil list class list C-list clout list codelist dean's list death list decklist definition list disabled list display list distribution list D-list dream list drop-down list dropdown list droplist edge list e-list e-mail list email list Entity List fair list finderlist flag list free list frequency list friendlist friends list frontlist greylist grocery list guestlist handlist hit list honeydew list honey do list honey-do list hotlist ignore list interlist jump list kinglist laundry list law list life list linked list linklist List 99 List A list box listee listeme listicle listlike listmaker listmaking listmom list price listserver listsib listview listwashing listwise List X listy longlist mailing list material list memberlist midlist multilist mute list naughty list navy list netlist nice list nodelist no fly list no-fly list numbered list off-list offlist on the critical list packing list pagelist party list paylist picklist playlist prelist price list pricelist prize list pull list punch list reading list Red List reference list reserved list retired list safelist set list setlist shelflist shelf list shit list shitlist shopping list short list shot list shotlist sick list skip list snagging list snag list stocklist stock list stop list sublist superlist Swadesh list swaplist tasklist tier list to-do list toplist tracklist transfer list treelist unfair list uplist userlist Verlet list waiting list wait-list waitlist wanted list want list watch list watchlist whitelist white list wine list wish list wishlist word list wordlist worklist Z-list listful cross-list delist downlist enlist listable lister mislist nolisting relist short-list shortlist unlist
相关词
enumerated articles listed company listee lister listmaker scheduled territory tick off enlist
部分词
bullet point item listing

词源

词源 1
From Middle English lī̆st, lī̆ste (“band, stripe; hem, selvage; border, edge, rim; list, specification; barriers enclosing area for jousting, etc.”), from Old English līste (“hem, edge, strip”), or Old French liste, listre (“border; band; strip of paper; list”), or Medieval Latin lista, all from Proto-West Germanic *līstā, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *leys- (“to trace, track”).
Cognates
* Saterland Frisian Lieste (“margin, strip, list”)
* Dutch lijst (“picture frame, list”)
* German Low German Liest (“edging, border”)
* German Leiste (“strip, rail, ledge; (heraldry) bar”)
* Swedish lista (“list”)
* Icelandic lista listi (“list”)
* Italian lista (“list; strip”)
* Portuguese lista (“list”)
* Spanish lista (“list, roll; stripe”)
* Galician lista (“band, strip; list”)
* Finnish lista (“(informal) list; batten”).
词源 2
From Middle English list, liste (“ability, cleverness, cunning, skill; adroitness, dexterity; strategem, trick; device, design, token”), from Old English list (“art, craft; cleverness, cunning, experience, skill”), from Proto-West Germanic *listi, from Proto-Germanic *listiz (“art, craft”), from Proto-Indo-European *leys-, *leyǝs- (“furrow, trace, track, trail”).
The word is cognate with Dutch list (“artifice, guile, sleight; ruse, strategem”), German List (“cunning, guile; ploy, ruse, trick”), Low German list (“artifice, cunning; prudence, wisdom”), Icelandic list (“art”), Saterland Frisian list (“cunning, knowledge”), Scots list (“art, craft, skill; cunning”), Swedish list (“art; cunning, guile, wile; ruse, trick; stealth”), and possibly Spanish listo (“clever”). It is also related to learn, lore.
词源 3
From Middle English listen, from Old English hlystan (“to listen”), from hlyst (“hearing”), from Proto-West Germanic *hlusti, from Proto-Germanic *hlustiz (“hearing”).
词源 4
From Middle English listen, list, liste, leste, lesten (“to choose, desire, wish (to do something)”), from Old English lystan, from Proto-West Germanic *lustijan, from Proto-Germanic *lustijaną, from Proto-Germanic *lustuz (“pleasure”).
The word is cognate with Saterland Frisian läste (“to wish for, desire, crave”), West Frisian lêste (“to like, desire”), Dutch lusten (“to appreciate, like; to lust”), German lüsten, gelüsten (“to desire, want, crave”), Danish lyste (“to desire, feel like, want”), Faroese lysta (“to desire”).
The noun sense is from the verb, or from Middle English list, liste, lest, leste (“desire, wish; craving, longing; enjoyment, joy, pleasure”), which is derived from Middle English listen, list (verb).
词源 5
Uncertain; possibly from tilting on lists in jousts, or from Etymology 4 in the sense of inclining towards what one desires.
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