short

名词 n. 动词 v. 形容词 adj. 副词 adv. 介词 prep.
中文释义
英 /ʃɔːt/    美 /ʃɔɹt/|[ʃɔɹʔ]

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A short circuit.
    — The circuit breaker keeps tripping because there's a short in the wiring.
  2. A short film.
    — Preceded by a Simpsons short shot in 3-D—perhaps the only thing more superfluous than a fourth Ice Age movie—Ice Age: Continental Drift finds a retinue of vaguely contemporaneous animals coping with life in the post-Pangaea age.
  3. A short film.; A short-form vertical video. Internet
  4. A short version of a garment in a particular size.
    — 38 short suits fit me right off the rack.
  5. A shortstop.
    — Jones smashes a grounder between third and short.
  6. A short seller.
    — The market decline was terrible, but the shorts were buying champagne.
  7. A short sale or short position.
    — He closed out his short at a modest loss after three months.
  8. A summary account.
    — For the short and the long is, our play is preferred.
  9. A short phone (such as a vowel) or syllable.
    — If we compare the nearest conventional shorts and longs in English, as in ‘bit’ and ‘beat’, ‘not’ and ‘naught’, we find that the short vowels are generally wide (i, ɔ), the long narrow (i, ɔ), besides being generally diphthongic as well.
  10. An integer variable having a smaller range than normal integers; usually two bytes long.
  11. An automobile. US,slang
    — crack shorts
    to break into automobiles
  12. Ellipsis of short bond paper. Philippines,abbreviation,alt-of,ellipsis
动词 v.
  1. To cause a short circuit in (something). transitive
    — You should short the poles of the capacitor to discharge it before you work on it.
  2. To short circuit. intransitive
  3. To provide with an amount smaller than that agreed or labeled; to shortchange. informal,transitive
    — This is the third time I've caught them shorting us.
  4. To sell something, especially securities, that one does not own at the moment for delivery at a later date in hopes of profiting from a decline in the price; to sell short. transitive
  5. To shorten. obsolete
形容词 adj.
  1. Having a small distance from one end or edge to another, either horizontally or vertically.
  2. Of a person, living being, or object, having a comparatively small height.
    — Nhung Ngo had the shortest legs at Site-43. She was the shortest member of staff, two inches beneath the positively elfin Delfina Ibanez, and yet Lillian found her inexplicably difficult to shake. Power-walking down the halls didn't do the trick, as it always did when Wettle-dodging, since the diminutive headshrink kept disappearing into commissaries or service corridors or even other people's offices and emerging, smiling, in front of her.
  3. Having little duration.
    — Our meeting was a short six minutes today. Every day for the past month it’s been at least twenty minutes long.
  4. Of a word or phrase, constituting an abbreviation (for another) or shortened form (of another).
    — "Phone" is short for "telephone" and "asap" short for "as soon as possible".
  5. Of a fielder or fielding position, that is relatively close to the batsman.
  6. Of a ball, bowled so that it bounces relatively far from the batsman.
  7. Of an approach shot or putt, that falls short of the green or the hole.
  8. Of betting odds, offering a small return for the money wagered.
  9. Of pastries or (metallurgy) of materials, brittle, crumbly.
    — shortbread
  10. Abrupt, brief, pointed, curt.
    — He gave a short answer to the question.
  11. Limited in quantity; inadequate; insufficient; scanty.
    — a short supply of provisions
  12. Insufficiently provided; inadequately supplied, especially with money; scantily furnished; lacking.
    — to be short of money
  13. Deficient; less; not coming up to a measure or standard.
    — an account which is short of the truth
  14. Undiluted; neat. colloquial
    — “There ain’t no drain of nothing short handy, is there?” said the Chicken, generally. “This here sluicing night is hard lines to a man as lives on his condition.” Captain Cuttle proffered a glass of rum […]
  15. Not distant in time; near at hand. obsolete
    — Marinell was sore offended / That his departure thence should be so short.
  16. Being in a financial investment position that is structured to be profitable if the price of the underlying security declines in the future.
    — short position
  17. Doubtful of, skeptical of. broadly
  18. Of money, given in the fewest possible notes, i.e. those of the largest denomination. dated
    — He pulled a cheque-book from his pocket, and drew for two hundred thousand pounds. “I'll take it short,” he said […]
副词 adv.
  1. Abruptly, curtly, briefly. not-comparable
    — They had to stop short to avoid hitting the dog in the street.
  2. Unawares. not-comparable
    — The recent developments at work caught them short.
  3. Without achieving a goal or requirement. not-comparable
    — His speech fell short of what was expected.
  4. Relatively far from the batsman and hence bouncing higher than normal; opposite of full. not-comparable
  5. With a negative ownership position. not-comparable
    — We went short most finance companies in July.
介词 prep.
  1. Deficient in.
    — We are short a few men on the second shift.
  2. Having a negative position in.
    — I don’t want to be short the market going into the weekend.

词形变化

shorter comparative shortest superlative shorts plural shorts present,singular,third-person shorting participle,present shorted participle,past shorted past

词汇关系

近义词
low scrimp short shortsome stubbed stubby stumpy vertically challenged
反义词
long tall
上位词
small
下位词
dumpy squat stocky abridged decurtate
相关词
heightism pipsqueak short man syndrome shortness shorty shorts
并列词
narrow shallow slim

词源

词源 1
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.?
Proto-Germanic *skertaną
Proto-Germanic *skurtaz
Proto-West Germanic *skurt
Old English sċort
Middle English schort
English short
From Middle English schort, short, from Old English sċeort, sċort (“short”), from Proto-West Germanic *skurt, from Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-. Doublet of shirt, skirt, and curt.
Cognates
Cognate with Scots short, schort (“short”), French court, Dutch kort, German kurz, Old High German scurz (“short”) (whence Middle High German schurz), Old Norse skorta (“to lack”) (whence Danish skorte), Albanian shkurt (“short, brief”), Latin curtus (“shortened, incomplete”) and Proto-Slavic *kortъkъ. See more at shirt.
词源 2
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.?
Proto-Germanic *skertaną
Proto-Germanic *skurtaz
Proto-West Germanic *skurt
Old English sċort
Middle English schort
English short
From Middle English schort, short, from Old English sċeort, sċort (“short”), from Proto-West Germanic *skurt, from Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-. Doublet of shirt, skirt, and curt.
Cognates
Cognate with Scots short, schort (“short”), French court, Dutch kort, German kurz, Old High German scurz (“short”) (whence Middle High German schurz), Old Norse skorta (“to lack”) (whence Danish skorte), Albanian shkurt (“short, brief”), Latin curtus (“shortened, incomplete”) and Proto-Slavic *kortъkъ. See more at shirt.
词源 3
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.?
Proto-Germanic *skertaną
Proto-Germanic *skurtaz
Proto-West Germanic *skurt
Old English sċort
Middle English schort
English short
From Middle English schort, short, from Old English sċeort, sċort (“short”), from Proto-West Germanic *skurt, from Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-. Doublet of shirt, skirt, and curt.
Cognates
Cognate with Scots short, schort (“short”), French court, Dutch kort, German kurz, Old High German scurz (“short”) (whence Middle High German schurz), Old Norse skorta (“to lack”) (whence Danish skorte), Albanian shkurt (“short, brief”), Latin curtus (“shortened, incomplete”) and Proto-Slavic *kortъkъ. See more at shirt.
词源 4
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.?
Proto-Germanic *skertaną
Proto-Germanic *skurtaz
Proto-West Germanic *skurt
Old English sċort
Middle English schort
English short
From Middle English schort, short, from Old English sċeort, sċort (“short”), from Proto-West Germanic *skurt, from Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-. Doublet of shirt, skirt, and curt.
Cognates
Cognate with Scots short, schort (“short”), French court, Dutch kort, German kurz, Old High German scurz (“short”) (whence Middle High German schurz), Old Norse skorta (“to lack”) (whence Danish skorte), Albanian shkurt (“short, brief”), Latin curtus (“shortened, incomplete”) and Proto-Slavic *kortъkъ. See more at shirt.
词源 5
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.?
Proto-Germanic *skertaną
Proto-Germanic *skurtaz
Proto-West Germanic *skurt
Old English sċort
Middle English schort
English short
From Middle English schort, short, from Old English sċeort, sċort (“short”), from Proto-West Germanic *skurt, from Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-. Doublet of shirt, skirt, and curt.
Cognates
Cognate with Scots short, schort (“short”), French court, Dutch kort, German kurz, Old High German scurz (“short”) (whence Middle High German schurz), Old Norse skorta (“to lack”) (whence Danish skorte), Albanian shkurt (“short, brief”), Latin curtus (“shortened, incomplete”) and Proto-Slavic *kortъkъ. See more at shirt.
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