hardness

名词 n.
中文释义
英 /ˈhɑːdnəs/    美 /ˈhɑɹdnəs/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. The quality of being hard. countable,uncountable
    — Who can number the cloudes in wiſedom? or who can ſtay the bottles of heauen, / When the duſt groweeh^([sic – meaning groweth]) into hardneſſe and the clods cleaue faſt together?
  2. An instance of this quality; hardship. countable,uncountable
  3. The quantity of calcium carbonate dissolved in water, usually expressed in parts per million (ppm). countable,uncountable
  4. The resistance to scratching, cutting, indentation or abrasion of a metal or other solid material. countable,uncountable
  5. The penetrating ability of electromagnetic radiation, such as x-rays; generally, the shorter the wavelength, the harder and more penetrating the radiation. countable,uncountable
  6. The measure of resistance to damage of a facility, equipment, installation, or telecommunications infrastructure when subjected to attack. countable,uncountable
  7. A measure of how hard a material is. countable
    — The hardness of the material was high.

词形变化

hardnesses plural hardnesse alternative,obsolete

词汇关系

近义词
callosity durity firmness hardness induration inflexibility rigidity renitence renitency stiffness temper
反义词
softness
上位词
physical property
下位词
metallicness rockiness stoniness
衍生词
hardness of hearing Knoop hardness macrohardness microhardness nanohardness total hardness Vickers hardness water hardness
相关词
hardiness bone cement concrete crystal oak metal iron steel rock stone diamond flint granite marble hard harden

词源

From Middle English hardness, hardnesse, from Old English heardnes, from heard + -nes, equivalent to hard + -ness.
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