stern

名词 n. 动词 v. 形容词 adj.
中文释义
英 /stɜːn/    美 /stɝn/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. The rear part (after end) of a ship or other vessel.
    — Holonyms: watercraft < vessel
  2. A bird, the black tern, seabird.
  3. The post of management or direction. figuratively
    — and sit chiefest stern of public weal
  4. The hinder part of anything.
  5. The tail of an animal; now used only of the tail of a dog.
    — And all attonce her beaſtly bodie raizd / With doubled forces high aboue the ground: / Tho wrapping vp her wrethed ſterne arownd, / Lept fierce vpon his ſhield, [...]
动词 v.
  1. To steer, to direct the course of (a ship). ambitransitive,obsolete
  2. To propel or move backward or stern-first in the water. ambitransitive
形容词 adj.
  1. Having a hardness and severity of nature or manner.
    — I haue beene wooed, as I intreat thee now, / Euen by the ſterne, and direfull God of warre, / VVhoſe ſinowie necke in battel nere did bow, / VVho conquers where he comes in euery iarre; […]
  2. Grim and forbidding in appearance.
    — these barren rocks, your stern inheritance

词形变化

sterner comparative sternest superlative sterne alternative,obsolete sterns plural sterne alternative,obsolete sterns present,singular,third-person sterning participle,present sterned participle,past sterned past sterne alternative,obsolete sterns plural sterne alternative,obsolete

词汇关系

近义词
brutal callous cold cold-eyed cruel dour flint-hearted forbidding frosty grim hard hard-boiled hardened hardhearted heartless harsh humorless icy iron-hearted insensate insensitive marble-hearted rigorous rockhearted severe stern stonehearted stony stonyhearted strict tough unsympathetic unmoved
反义词
animated cheerful emotional empathic gregarious kindly lenient soft unstrict vivacious
上位词
alexithymic serious
下位词
tsundere
衍生词
sternity sternly sternness stern plane stern sex stern sheets stern-wheeler astern stem to stern pink stern square stern sterncastle stern chase stern chaser sterndrive sternfast sternforemost stern frame sternless sternman sternmost sternpicker sternport sternpost sternsheets sternsman sternward sternwards sternway sternwheel torpedo stern tunnel stern
相关词
ghastly mean obstinate resilient rigid ruthless sinister strong sturdy surly taciturn uncompassionate unrelenting cheerless keel aft
并列词
aloof apathetic impartial

词源

词源 1
From Middle English stern, sterne, sturne, from Old English styrne (“stern, grave, strict, austere, hard, severe, cruel”), from Proto-Germanic *sturnijaz (“angry, astonished, shocked”), from Proto-Indo-European *ster- (“rigid, stiff”). Cognate with Scots stern (“bold, courageous, fierce, resolute”), Old High German stornēn (“to be astonished”), Dutch stuurs (“glum, austere”), Swedish stursk (“insolent”).
词源 2
Inherited from Middle English sterne, likely from Old Norse stjórn (“control, steering”), related to stýra (“to steer”), from Proto-Germanic *stiurijaną, whence also English steer. Also possibly from Old Frisian stiarne (“rudder”), from the same Germanic root. The sense referring to a management post alludes to the fact that a sailing ship's captain would often stand on an aft deck.
词源 3
From a variant of tern.
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